Inflammation and Cytokines in Endometriosis
This review examines the role of cytokines, which are increased in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis, in the disease's pathogenesis.
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This chapter reviews evidence on how cytokines contribute to endometriosis pathogenesis, focusing on the immune and inflammatory milieu of peritoneal fluid from women with the disease. It describes findings that women with endometriosis have increased activated macrophages in peritoneal fluid that secrete cytokines and related inflammatory mediators, and it synthesizes reports linking specific cytokines (e.g., interleukins and interferon-related signals) to disease features. The chapter frames endometriosis as an enigma with controversial pathogenesis, and it presents cytokine roles as part of an evolving understanding rather than a single resolved mechanism. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically reviews the role of cytokines in endometriosis-related peritoneal inflammation.
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