Escherichia coli contamination of menstrual blood and effect of bacterial endotoxin on endometriosis

Khaleque Newaz Khan, Michio Kitajima, Koichi Hiraki, Naohiro Yamaguchi, Shigeru Katamine, Toshifumi Matsuyama, T. Matsuyama, Masahiro Nakashima, Akira Fujishita, Tadayuki Ishimaru, Hideaki Masuzaki
Fertility and sterility · 2010 · vol. 94(7) , pp. 2860–2863.e3 · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.04.053 · PMID:20627244 · W2039152389
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06+body, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study found higher *Escherichia coli* contamination and endotoxin levels in menstrual and peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis, suggesting a role in disease progression via Toll-like receptor 4.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

The paper investigated whether bacterial contamination of menstrual blood could be a local biological event contributing to endometriosis development by culturing menstrual blood to assess bacterial growth and measuring bacterial endotoxin levels in menstrual blood and peritoneal fluid. The authors compared women with endometriosis to control women, reporting higher colony formation of Escherichia coli in menstrual blood and higher endotoxin levels in both menstrual fluid and peritoneal fluid in the endometriosis group. They concluded these findings may promote Toll-like receptor 4–mediated endometriosis growth, while the main caveat is that the evidence is based on measured contamination and endotoxin levels rather than direct mechanistic confirmation in the study design described in the abstract. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it tests how Escherichia coli contamination and endotoxin relate to TLR4-mediated growth in endometriosis.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endotoxins Escherichia coli Infections Menstruation Peritoneal Diseases Adolescent Adult Ascitic Fluid Ascitic Fluid Ascitic Fluid Ascitic Fluid Blood Blood Case-Control Studies Cells, Cultured Colony Count, Microbial Cytokines Cytokines Cytokines Endometriosis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (30)

Cited by (50)

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