Association Between Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Risk of Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hui Ye, Yilan Tian, Xiuzhang Yu, Lin Li, Minmin Hou
Journal of women's health (2002) · 2023 · vol. 33(1) , pp. 73–79 · doi:10.1089/jwh.2023.0300 · PMID:37851499 · W4387728984
meta-analysis OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 4 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This meta-analysis of 14 studies involving over 747,000 women found a statistically significant association between pelvic inflammatory disease and an increased risk of endometriosis.

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Abstract

Background: Endometriosis is a common chronic disorder, which leads to dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic chronic pain, and infertility. It affects ∼6% to 10% of the general female population. However, the etiology of endometriosis remained unclear. We aimed to systematically assess the association between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and the risk of endometriosis. Materials and Methods: Eligible studies published until May 21, 2022, were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. The studies were included based on the following criteria: (1) original articles on the association between PID and risk of endometriosis; (2) randomized controlled trials and cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies; and (3) studies involving humans. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to assess the quality of the studies included in this systematic review. The association between PID and risk of endometriosis was evaluated using the overall odds ratio (OR) and correlative 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The meta-analysis included 14 studies with 747,733 patients. The mean prevalence of PID in women with endometriosis was 33.80%. Our quantitative synthesis revealed that endometritis was associated with a significantly increased risk of endometriosis (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.53-1.74, I2 = 59%). Conclusion: We study a statistically significant association between PID and the risk of endometriosis. In particular, endometritis might play an important role in endometriosis, based on the lower heterogeneity of the subgroup analysis. This finding suggests that reducing the incidence of endometritis might aid in the prevention and treatment of endometriosis.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004716endometriosischronic_pelvic_paindysmenorrheadyspareuniainfertility

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometritis Endometritis Endometritis Endometritis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (40)

Cited by (4)

Source provenance

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