Endometriosis: its association with retrograde menstruation, dysmenorrhoea and tubal pathology

D T Liu, D. T. Y. Liu, A Hitchcock, Andrew Hitchcock
British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 1986 · vol. 93(8) , pp. 859–862 · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07995.x · PMID:3741813 · W2161413642
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Retrograde spillage of menstrual blood was observed in 76% of women undergoing sterilization, with 97% of those with endometriosis showing spillage and a significant association between endometriosis and tubal damage.

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Abstract

Seventy-five women admitted for sterilization were laparoscoped during menstruation. Retrograde spillage of menstrual blood was observed in 76%. The occurrence of dysmenorrhoea was not associated with spillage of menstrual blood, observed endometriosis or tubal pathology. Mild or stage I endometriosis was detected in 43% of all the women but in only 54% of those who had retrograde spill. Retrograde spill was seen in 97% of those with endometriosis. A significant association (P less than 0.001) was found between endometriosis and tubal damage not due to endometriosis. The implication of these findings are discussed.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004412mesh:D004715endometriosisdysmenorrhea

MeSH descriptors

Dysmenorrhea Endometriosis Fallopian Tubes Menstruation Disturbances Adult Dysmenorrhea Dysmenorrhea Endometriosis Endometriosis Fallopian Tubes Female Humans Menstruation Disturbances Menstruation Disturbances Middle Aged

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (17)

Cited by (50)

Source provenance

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