Three-dimensional in vitro culture of endometrial explants mimics the early stages of endometriosis

Fasciani A, Alessandro Fasciani, Guido Bocci, Jing Xu, Xu J, Ryszard Bielecki, Bielecki R, Ellen Greenblatt, Greenblatt E, Nicholas Leyland, Leyland N, Robert F. Casper, Casper RF
Fertility and sterility · 2003 · vol. 80(5) , pp. 1137–1143 · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(03)02164-2 · PMID:14607564 · W2026235798
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 25 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This study developed a three-dimensional in vitro culture system using endometrial explants that successfully mimics the early stages of endometriosis.

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Abstract

ObjectiveTo reproduce the earliest phases of endometriosis using a new in vitro model in which cells from a cultured endometrial fragment can proliferate, invade, reconstitute new endometrial-like tissue, and generate blood vessels.DesignExperimental in vitro study.SettingA hospital-based academic research institute.Patient(s)Five normal ovulating women undergoing surgery for various benign gynecological indications.Intervention(s)Endometrial samples obtained from the fundus of the uterine cavity were placed in a three-dimensional fibrin matrix culture system.Main outcome measure(s)Degree of proliferation of stromal cells and invasion of the fibrin matrix, gland, and stroma formation, vessel sprouting, and immunohistochemical characterization of various cellular components.Result(s)During the first week of culture, an endometrial cell outgrowth was observed from the original fragments in 120 of 144 wells (83.3%). Subsequently, cell outgrowths could be quantified in 132 (91.6%), 129 (89.5%), and 127 (88.1%) of the wells after 15, 60, and 90 days, respectively. An invasion of the matrix by the human endometrial cells led to the formation of tubular structures that coalesced into tissue, architecturally resembling endometrium and in which the glands were immunohistochemically positive for cytokeratin. New capillaries, immunohistochemically positive for CD31 and vimentin, sprouted from the endometrial outgrowths at the beginning of the fifth week of culture.Conclusion(s)These data show that cells from endometrial explants can proliferate and invade a fibrin matrix in vitro generating new glands, stroma, and vessels consistent with endometriosis. The three-dimensional fibrin matrix used in the present study provides an opportunity to observe the earliest biological events of endometriosis in a quantifiable way.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometrium Histological Techniques Cell Division Culture Techniques Endometriosis Endometrium Endometrium Endometrium Endometrium Female Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Immunohistochemistry Neovascularization, Physiologic Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Time Factors Vimentin Vimentin

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