Co-existence of leiomyomas, adenomyosis and endometriosis in women with endometrial cancer

Sharon E Johnatty, Colin J R Stewart, Deborah Smith, Deborah S. Smith, Anthony Nguyen, John O’ Dwyer, John O' Dwyer, Tracy A. O’Mara, Penelope M Webb, Amanda B. Spurdle
Scientific reports · 2020 · vol. 10(1) , pp. 3621 · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59916-1 · PMID:32108150 · PMC7046700 · W3009555310
article OA: gold CC0 ⤵ 30 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study investigated the coexistence of leiomyomas, adenomyosis, and endometriosis in endometrial cancer patients, finding associations between these conditions and younger age at diagnosis, menarche, or specific epidemiological risk factors.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study investigated the co-existence of uterine leiomyomas, adenomyosis, and endometriosis among 1399 women diagnosed with endometrial cancer, using a case-only descriptive analysis that compared epidemiologic risk factors and tumor prognostic features across groups defined by presence/absence of one or more conditions. The authors found that the observed three-condition overlap significantly deviated from expectation, with strong correlations among the conditions, and that specific associations with endometrial cancer risk factors varied by condition (e.g., earlier age at endometrial cancer diagnosis in women with endometriosis; oral contraceptive use and higher parity in women with adenomyosis; younger menarche in women with leiomyomas). A key limitation acknowledged by the paper is that some subgroup sample sizes were too small for reliable estimates for certain prognostic comparisons. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it examines how endometriosis co-exists with adenomyosis and leiomyomas in endometrial cancer and how that relates to cancer risk and prognostic features.

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Abstract

Abstract Leiomyomas, adenomyosis, and endometriosis are reported to be risk factors for endometrial carcinoma (EC), and adenomyosis and endometriosis also for ovarian carcinoma (OC). We aimed to describe the prevalence of these conditions in EC patients with or without an OC diagnosis, and to investigate their relationship with EC risk and prognostic factors in these patients. We evaluated the co-existence of these three conditions in 1399 EC patients, and compared the prevalence of epidemiological risk factors and tumor prognostic features in patients with each condition versus not. Prevalence of conditions was also assessed in the subset of patients with prior/concurrent OC. The observed coexistence of leiomyomas, adenomyosis and endometriosis significantly deviated from that expected (P = 1.2 × 10 −8 ). Patients were more likely to: report a younger age at menarche (P Trend = 0.004) if they had leiomyomas; have used oral contraceptives (P = 6.6 × 10 −5 ) or had ≥2 full-term pregnancies (P Trend = 2.0 × 10 −9 ) if they had adenomyosis; be diagnosed with EC at younger age (P = 5.0 × 10 −11 ) if they had endometriosis. Patients with prior/concurrent OC were more likely to be diagnosed at younger age (P = 5.0 × 10 −5 ), have endometriosis (P = 9.9 × 10 −7 ), and present with higher stage EC (P Trend = 6.6 × 10 −5 ). These findings justify further consideration of these gynecologic conditions as independent risk and prognostic factors for EC.

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Condition tags

endometriosisadenomyosis

MeSH descriptors

Adenomyosis Endometrial Neoplasms Endometriosis Leiomyoma Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Australia Endometrial Neoplasms Endometrial Neoplasms Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Humans Leiomyoma Leiomyoma Middle Aged Prevalence

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (34)

Cited by (30)

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