The Role of the Microenvironment in Endometriosis: Parallels and Distinctions to Cancer

Michael S. Rogers
In: Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment · 2022 · pp. 483–496 · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98950-7_28 · W4285034735
book-chapter OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 1 in-corpus citation
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06+body, 2026-06-06 ⓘ

Endometriosis shares angiogenesis dependence and immune/inflammatory milieu similarities with cancer, but differs in typically lacking dysplasia and having limited treatment options due to its non-life-threatening nature.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-06 ⓘ

This paper reviews how the endometriosis microenvironment mirrors cancer microenvironments by focusing on estrogen-dependent inflammation with endometrium-like glands and stroma outside the uterus, along with hemosiderin and often fibrosis. It highlights that angiogenesis is important in endometriosis, genetic studies point to a key role for the VEGFR2 signaling axis, and immune/inflammatory features in lesions resemble those seen in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers more than eutopic endometrium, with a major contrast that pain is often an early symptom even in small lesions. A caveat emphasized is that compared with cancer, far fewer effective medical treatments have been studied and the pathology is less extensively investigated, which limits translation. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it compares endometriosis lesion microenvironmental features to cancer to explain shared and distinct biology, including VEGFR2-driven angiogenesis and immune/inflammatory similarities.

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endometriosis

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last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
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