Increased Leptin Levels in Serum and Peritoneal Fluid of Patients with Pelvic Endometriosis1

Giuseppe Matarese, G Matarese, Carlo Alviggi, C Alviggi, V Sanna, Veronica Sanna, Jane K. Howard, J K Howard, G M Lord, Graham M. Lord, C Carravetta, Carlo Carravetta, S Fontana, Silvia Fontana, R I Lechler, Robert I. Lechler, S R Bloom, Stephen R. Bloom, Giuseppe De Placido, G De Placido
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2000 · vol. 85(7) , pp. 2483–2487 · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.7.6703 · PMID:10902797 · W2082955357
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This study found significantly increased serum and peritoneal fluid leptin levels in patients with pelvic endometriosis compared to controls, with higher levels associated with earlier disease stages.

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Abstract

Pelvic endometriosis is an immune-related chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by ectopic implants of endometrium in the peritoneal cavity and associated with increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and neoangiogenesis. Leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone, has been shown to have a role in food intake, basal metabolism, and reproductive function. Leptin levels are dynamically regulated, being elevated by inflammatory mediators and reduced by starvation. Leptin itself can influence the proinflammatory immune responses of CD4+ T lymphocytes, and reports have also shown this hormone to be an angiogenic factor in vitro and in vivo. We investigated whether leptin concentrations in serum and peritoneal fluid (PF) differed between 13 patients with different stages of endometriosis and 15 age- and body mass index-matched controls. We found a statistically significant (P < 0.05) increase in leptin levels in serum (30.3 +/- 14.8 ng/mL) and PF (35.9 +/- 17.4 ng/mL) of patients with endometriosis, compared with our control population (serum, 15.6 +/- 8.4; PF, 17.5 +/- 7.2 ng/mL). Regression equations, relating leptin to body mass index, were also significantly different in endometriosis patients, compared with controls. Higher levels of leptin were observed in the earlier stages of endometriosis than advanced-stage disease. These data suggest that the proinflammatory and neoangiogenic actions of leptin may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Ascitic Fluid Endometriosis Leptin Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Adult Ascitic Fluid Body Mass Index C-Reactive Protein C-Reactive Protein Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Follicle Stimulating Hormone Follicle Stimulating Hormone Humans Laparoscopy Leptin Leptin Luteinizing Hormone Luteinizing Hormone

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