Functional and phenotypic alterations in peritoneal macrophages from patients with early and advanced endometriosis

A. Raiter-Tenenbaum, Raiter-Tenenbaum A, Barañao RI, Rosa Inés Barañao, R I Barañao, Juan José Etchepareborda, Etchepareborda JJ, J J Etchepareborda, G F Meresman, Gabriela Meresman, L S Rumi, L Rumi, Rumi LS
Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 1998 · vol. 261(3) , pp. 147–157 · doi:10.1007/s004040050214 · PMID:9651659 · W2014285312
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 40 in-corpus citations
Full text JSON View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite+body, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Peritoneal macrophages in endometriosis patients showed increased numbers and IL-1 production, with decreased HLA-DR+ and increased NBT+ cells, suggesting systemic alterations across disease stages.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 · read from full text ⓘ

This study examined whether peritoneal macrophage (pMO) alterations occur across endometriosis stages and whether 6 months of hormonal treatment affects these cells, by quantifying pMO number, HLA-DR expression (pMO DR+), nitro-blue tetrazolium reduction (pMO NBT+), and IL-1 and PGE2 production in patients with early (stages I/II) and advanced (stages III/IV) disease, with additional analysis in treated patients receiving danazol or GnRHa. The authors found significantly increased pMO numbers in both early and advanced endometriosis (highest in early), decreased pMO DR+ percentages, increased pMO NBT+ percentages, and enhanced IL-1 production in both stages, while PGE2 was unchanged in early disease but was ~100-fold higher than controls in advanced disease. Post-hormonal treatment, pMO number and pMO NBT+ remained similar to early endometriosis and pMO DR+ returned toward the normal range, but overall the study concluded that hormonal treatment did not reverse the pMO changes. This paper is centrally about endometriosis—functional and phenotypic alterations in peritoneal macrophages across early and advanced endometriosis and how they respond to danazol or GnRHa treatment.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

The aim of this study was to elucidate whether peritoneal macrophage (pMO) alterations are a generalized feature in all stages of endometriosis and the effect of hormonal treatment on this leukocyte population. For this purpose we quantified the number of pMO, the expression of HLA-DR antigen (pMO DR+), percentages of pMO that reduced nitro-blue tetrazolium (pMO NBT+), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by pMO from patients with early (stages I/II) and advanced (stages III/IV) endometriosis, we also analyzed some of these properties in pMO from patients which had been treated for 6 months with 800 mg/day of Danazol or gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). We found that there were a significant increase of the pMO number in both types of patients, though the highest values were obtained in early endometriosis (p < 0.001). Percentages of pMO DR+ were decreased in all patients (p < 0.01) while percentages of pMO NBT+ were significantly increased. Production of IL-1 by early and advanced endometriosis pMO were considerably enhanced. PGE2 release was not altered in early endometriosis pMO but, in advanced endometriosis, pMO PGE2 levels were 100-fold higher than control values. In posttreatment patients, the number of pMO and percentage of pMO NBT+ were similar to early endometriosis patients, though the percentage of pMO DR+ was within the normal range. We conclude that the pMO population, as well as IL-1 and PGE2 production, were altered in all stages of endometriosis, and that these changes could be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and associated infertility. Hormonal treatments do not reverse the pMO changes.
Full text 2,218 characters · extracted from oa-doi-fallback · click to expand
Abstract. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether peritoneal macrophage (pMO) alterations are a generalized feature in all stages of endometriosis and the effect of hormonal treatment on this leukocyte population. For this purpose we quantified the number of pMO, the expression of HLA-DR antigen (pMO DR+), percentages of pMO that reduced nitro-blue tetrazolium (pMO NBT+), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by pMO from patients with early (stages I/II) and advanced (stages III/IV) endometriosis, we also analyzed some of these properties in pMO from patients which had been treated for 6 months with 800 mg/day of Danazol or gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). We found that there were a significant increase of the pMO number in both types of patients, though the highest values were obtained in early endometriosis (p<0.001). Percentages of pMO DR+ were decreased in all patients (p<0.01) while percentages of pMO NBT+ were significantly increased. Production of IL-1 by early and advanced endometriosis pMO were considerably enhanced. PGE2 release was not altered in early endometriosis pMO but, in advanced endometriosis, pMO PGE2 levels were 100-fold higher than control values. In post-treatment patients, the number of pMO and percentage of pMO NBT+ were similar to early endometriosis patients, though the percentage of pMO DR+ was within the normal range. We conclude that the pMO population, as well as IL-1 and PGE2 production, were altered in all stages of endometriosis, and that these changes could be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and associated infertility. Hormonal treatments do not reverse the pMO changes. Similar content being viewed by others Author information Authors and Affiliations Additional information Received: 3 September 1997 / 29 December 1997 Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Raiter-Tenenbaum, A., Barañao, R., Etchepareborda, J. et al. Functional and phenotypic alterations in peritoneal macrophages from patients with early and advanced endometriosis . Arch Gynecol Obstet 261, 147–157 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s004040050214 Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004040050214

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

⚙ Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-doi-fallback ⓘ

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Macrophages Adult Danazol Danazol Dinoprostone Dinoprostone Endometriosis Endometriosis Estrogen Antagonists Estrogen Antagonists Female Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone HLA-DR Antigens HLA-DR Antigens Humans Interleukin-1 Interleukin-1 Macrophage Activation

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (22)

Cited by (40)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-09-19T06:15:14.566301+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:10:40.754221+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-09-19T06:31:22.526400+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK