Useful Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Endometriosis
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Abstract
만성 골반통증이나 불임을 유발하는 가장 흔한 부인과적 질환 중 하나인 자궁내막증은 자궁내막 조직이 정상 자궁 위치를 벗어나 자궁강 밖에 존재 하는 질환으로 정의할 수 있다. 자궁내막증은 흔히 난소나 골반 복막에서 발견되나 장, 방광, 요관은 물론이고 골반 밖 장기인 폐에서도 진단되며 전형 적으로 복강경을 통한 수술적 방법으로 확진을 하 게 되나 증상이 없는 사람에서도 자궁내막증이 있 을 수 있다. 증상의 유무와 상관없이 자궁내막증의 확인을 위해 진단복강경 검사를 하는 것이 현실적 으로 쉬운 일이 아니기 때문에 비침습적인 방법으 로 자궁내막증을 진단하기 위한 많은 시도들이 있 었다. 우리가 흔히 알고 있는 CA-125는 진행된 자궁 내막증에서 진단 및 치료 후 재발의 주된 표지자 (marker)로서 임상적 유용성이 우수한 편이나 초기 자궁내막증 진단에 있어 민감도, 특이도가 낮아 이를 대체할 수 있는 여러 가지 혈청, 복막액 및 각종 조직 표지자에 대한 연구들이 진행되었다. 초 기 자궁내막증에 있어 체액 표지자를 찾아내기 위 해 혈청, 복막액 (peritoneal fluid, PF), 분비 단백질 (secretory proteins), 세포간 결합분자 (cell adhesion molecules), 사이토카인 (cytokines), 종양 괴사인자 (tumor necrosis factor), 혈관내피성장인자 (vascular endothelial growth factor), 케모카인(chemokine), 항 내막항체 (antiendometrial antibody), 아로마테이스 P450 발현 (aromatase P450 expression) 호르몬 수용 체 등에 대한 연구가 포함되었으며 이러한 연구내 용을 바탕으로 본 저자는 자궁내막증의 진단에 있 어 비수술적 방법을 통한 여러 물질들의 진단적 정 확성 및 임상적 유용성을 소개 및 비교하고자 한다.
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