Risk of cardiovascular outcomes among women with endometriosis in the United Kingdom: a retrospective matched cohort study

Kelvin Okoth, J Wang, Jingya Wang, Dawit Zemedikun, D Zemedikun, G N Thomas, G. Neil Thomas, K Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Nicola J. Adderley, N J Adderley
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · 2021 · vol. 128(10) , pp. 1598–1609 · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.16692 · PMID:33683770 · W3133753423
article OA: hybrid CC0 ⤵ 37 in-corpus citations
🔓 Open OA copy View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This UK retrospective cohort study found that women with endometriosis had an increased risk of composite cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, arrhythmia, and hypertension compared to controls.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and incidence of endometriosis and to estimate the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in women with endometriosis. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study using The Health Improvement Network database. SETTING: UK primary care. POPULATION: Women aged 16-50 years were followed from 1995 to 2018. METHODS: Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for cardiovascular outcomes comparing women with endometriosis with those without endometriosis were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. Prevalence and incidence of endometriosis were estimated using annual (1998-2017) sequential cross-sectional and cohort studies, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The primary outcome was composite cardiovascular disease (CVD) including, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF) and cerebrovascular disease. Secondary outcomes were arrhythmia, hypertension and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: In all, 56 090 women with endometriosis and 223 669 matched controls without endometriosis were included in the analysis of cardiovascular risk. Compared with women without endometriosis, the aHR for cardiovascular outcomes among women with endometriosis were: composite CVD 1.24 (95% CI 1.13-1.37); IHD 1.40 (95% CI 1.22-1.61); cerebrovascular disease 1.19 (95% CI 1.04-1.36); HF 0.76 (95% CI 0.54-1.07); arrhythmia 1.26 (95% CI 1.11-1.43); hypertension 1.12 (95% CI 1.07-1.17) and all-cause mortality 0.66 (95% CI 0.59-0.74). The incidence of endometriosis was 12.3 per 10 000 person-years in 1998 and 11.5 per 10 000 person-years in 2017. The prevalence of endometriosis increased from 119.7 per 10 000 population in 1998 to 201.3 per 10 000 population in 2017. CONCLUSION: Endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes. Young women with endometriosis are a potential target for CVD risk assessment and prevention. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Endometriosis is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes: a UK retrospective matched cohort study.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Cardiovascular Diseases Endometriosis Adolescent Adult Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Cohort Studies Databases, Factual Endometriosis Female Humans Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Risk Factors United Kingdom United Kingdom Young Adult

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (46)

Cited by (38)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-06-04T01:30:01.192114+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:24:49.034193+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK