Epidemiology of Bowel Endometriosis
Bowel endometriosis is most commonly found in the rectum and rectosigmoid junction, occurring in about a quarter of patients undergoing surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis.
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This paper examines methodological challenges in estimating the epidemiology of endometriosis, emphasizing that surgical confirmation can bias findings toward symptomatic patients who are more likely to undergo diagnostic procedures. It summarizes retrospective evidence from patients undergoing surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis, reporting that approximately one quarter had bowel endometriosis, with the rectum and rectosigmoid junction being the most common sites (up to about three quarters) followed by the sigmoid colon. It also notes that endometriotic nodules have been reported across other gastrointestinal locations including the appendix, terminal ileum, and multiple parts of the colon, but the overall estimates are limited by selection bias inherent to surgery-based series. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically the epidemiology and anatomical distribution of bowel endometriosis.
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