Polypoid endometriosis of the cervix: a case report and review of the literature

Sunil Jaiman, Sirisha Rao Gundabattula, Manjula Pochiraju, Pochiraju M, Jayabhaskar Reddy Sangireddy, Sangireddy JR
Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2013 · vol. 289(4) , pp. 915–920 · doi:10.1007/s00404-013-3112-5 · PMID:24337728 · W2021256828
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⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite+body, 2026-06-12 ⓘ

This case report describes a giant prolapsed cervical polyp in a young woman, characterized microscopically by polypoid endometriosis, and reviews this rare condition that mimics cervical neoplasms.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 · read from full text ⓘ

This paper describes a 29-year-old sexually inactive woman with a prolapsed, giant multilobular endocervical polyp presenting with malodorous discharge and menorrhagia, and it includes a review of prior reports. Using gross and microscopic and immunohistochemical assessment, the authors found a trilobulated, wide-based mass (90 × 50 × 35 mm) containing areas of classic endocervical polyp histology intimately mixed with endometrial stroma and occasional endometrial glands, with endometrial stroma strongly CD10 positive, hormone-receptor–positive glands, and a low Ki-67 proliferation index; the main caveat is that such lesions can mimic cervical neoplasia, making differentiation dependent on histopathology. They note that only five earlier reports had been published and that none described a prolapsed polyp of this size. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically polypoid endometriosis of the cervix and how it can be mistaken for malignancy.

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Abstract

BackgroundGiant and multilobular endocervical polyps are rare and need to be differentiated from cervical neoplastic lesions.Case reportThe authors report a 29-year-old sexually inactive woman presenting with a prolapsed giant endocervical polyp, associated with malodorous discharge and menorrhagia. The wide-based polyp originated in part from the posterior lip of the exocervix and in part from the endocervix. This trilobular pedunculated mass (90 × 50 × 35 mm) had small cysts on the surface and focal areas of haemorrhage. Microscopic examination revealed areas with classic endocervical mucosal polyp histology intimately mixed with expanses of endometrial stroma and occasional endometrial glands. Immunohistochemically the endometrial stroma showed strong CD10 positivity, glands were oestrogen and progesterone receptor positive and Ki-67 proliferation index was low.ConclusionPolypoid endometriosis of the cervix is a distinct form of endometriosis that may be mistaken for a neoplasm. Five earlier reports of this entity have not described a prolapsed polyp assuming gigantic proportions. We conclude that this condition be considered in the differential diagnosis of polypoid lesions of the cervix.
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Abstract

Background Giant and multilobular endocervical polyps are rare and need to be differentiated from cervical neoplastic lesions. Case report The authors report a 29-year-old sexually inactive woman presenting with a prolapsed giant endocervical polyp, associated with malodorous discharge and menorrhagia. The wide-based polyp originated in part from the posterior lip of the exocervix and in part from the endocervix. This trilobular pedunculated mass (90 × 50 × 35 mm) had small cysts on the surface and focal areas of haemorrhage. Microscopic examination revealed areas with classic endocervical mucosal polyp histology intimately mixed with expanses of endometrial stroma and occasional endometrial glands. Immunohistochemically the endometrial stroma showed strong CD10 positivity, glands were oestrogen and progesterone receptor positive and Ki-67 proliferation index was low.

Conclusion

Polypoid endometriosis of the cervix is a distinct form of endometriosis that may be mistaken for a neoplasm. Five earlier reports of this entity have not described a prolapsed polyp assuming gigantic proportions. We conclude that this condition be considered in the differential diagnosis of polypoid lesions of the cervix.

References

Wright TC, Ronnett BM, Ferenczy A (2011) Benign Diseases of the Cervix. In: Kurman RJ, Ellenson LH, Ronnett BM (eds) Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract, 6th edn. Springer Science, New York, pp 155–191 Bucella D, Frederic B, Noel JC (2008) Giant cervical polyp: a case report and review of a rare entity. Arch Gynecol Obstet 278:295–298 Khalil AM, Azar GB, Kaspar HG, Abu-Musa AA, Chararah IR, Seoud MA (1996) Giant cervical polyp. A case report. J Reprod Med 41(8):619–621 Amesse LS, Taneja A, Broxson E, Pfaff-Amesse J (2002) Protruding giant cervical polyp in a young adolescent with a previous rhabdomyosarcoma. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 15:271–277 Massinde AN, Mpogoro F, Rumanyika RN, Magoma M (2012) Uterine prolapse complicated with a giant cervical polyp. J Low Genit Tract Dis 16(1):64–65 Yi KW, Song SH, Kim KA, Jung WY, Lee JK, Hur JY (2009) Giant endocervical polyp mimicking cervical malignancy: primary excision and hysteroscopic resection. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 16(14):498–500 Ali V, Huang JC, Al-Ibraheemi A, Liu J (2011) Recurrent prolapsed giant uterine polyp comprised of adenomyotic cysts. Int J Clin Med 2(4):478–480 Wang S, Li XC, Lang JH (2011) Cervical endometriosis: clinical character and management experience in a 27-year span. Am J Obstet Gynecol 205(5):452.e1–452.e5 Veiga-Ferreira MM, Leiman G, Dunbar F, Margolius KA (1987) Cervical endometriosis: facilitated diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytologic testing. Am J Obstet Gynecol 4(pt1):849–856 Sumathi VP, Mc Cluggage WG (2002) CD10 is useful in demonstrating endometrial stroma at ectopic sites and in confirming a diagnosis of endometriosis. J Clin Pathol 55(5):391–392 Othman NH, Othman MS, Ismail AN, Mohammad NZN, Ismail Z (1996) Multiple polypoid endometriosis–a rare complication following withdrawal of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist for severe endometriosis: a case report. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 36(2):216–218 Fukunaga M (2001) Uterus-like mass in the uterine cervix: superficial cervical endometriosis with florid smooth muscle metaplasia? Virchows Arch 430(3):302–305 Kano H, Kanda H (2003) Cervical endometriosis presented as a polypoid mass of portio cervix uteri. J Obstet Gynaecol 23(1):84–85 Felix A, Nogales FF, Arias-Stella J (2010) Polypoid endometriosis of the uterine cervix with Arias-Stella reaction in a patient taking phytoestrogens. Int J Gynecol Pathol 29(2):185–188 Kwek JW, H’ng MW, Chew SH, Tay EH (2010) Florid polypoid endometriosis of the cervix with left ureteric obstruction: a mimic of cervical malignancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 36(2):252–254 Parker RL, Dadmanesh F, Young RH, Clement PB (2004) Polypoid endometriosis: a clinicopathologic analysis of 24 cases and a review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol 28:285–297 Park HM, Lee SS, Eom DW, Kang GH, Yi SW, Sohn WS (2009) Endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis of the uterine cervix: a case report. J Korean Med Sci 24(4):767–771 Conflict of interest We declare that we have no conflict of interest. Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Jaiman, S., Gundabattula, S.R., Pochiraju, M. et al. Polypoid endometriosis of the cervix: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet 289, 915–920 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-3112-5 Received: Accepted: Published: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-3112-5

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Polyps Uterine Cervical Diseases Adult Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Humans Menorrhagia Menorrhagia Menorrhagia Polyps Prolapse Uterine Cervical Diseases Uterine Cervical Diseases

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