Activity Methods for Endometriosis

Mürşide Ayşe Demırel, İpek Süntar
In: Methods for Preclinical Evaluation of Bioactive Natural Products · 2023 · pp. 177–199 · doi:10.2174/9789815123043123010008 · W4382288418
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This chapter reviews endometriosis, the use of plant-derived compounds for its treatment, and methods for assessing their activity against proliferation, inflammation, ROS production, and angiogenesis.

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The chapter surveys endometriosis as an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease and discusses why evidence for its etiopathogenesis remains indirect, alongside the tendency for recurrence and limitations of conventional hormonal therapy. It outlines how in vivo and in vitro studies (using cell lines and animal models such as mice and rats) have been used to evaluate plant-derived bioactive agents, focusing on pleiotropic actions against multiple endometriosis-relevant processes including proliferation, inflammation, reactive oxygen species production, and angiogenesis. A major caveat noted is that direct evidence for etiopathogenesis is lacking, motivating continued exploration of novel, long-term safer therapies, particularly medicinal plants and natural compounds. This paper is centrally about endometriosis—an overview of plant-product bioactivity assessment methods and mechanisms proposed for endometriosis treatment.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease that causes pelvic pain and reduces fertility by developing inflammatory lesions outside the uterine. Although many studies have been performed to investigate the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis, there is still no direct evidence. Endometriosis, a common gynecological disease, often recurs even if treated. In vivo studies are used to investigate its etiopathogenesis and potential treatment methods. Hormonal therapy is generally used for endometriosis cases. This conventional therapy aims to lower estrogen levels in the body, however, it can be inadequate for the treatment and has numerous negative effects. The urgency of finding novel and cheap long-term safety therapies for endometriosis is highlighted by the need to manage it as a chronic disease. Medicinal plants and natural plant-derived compounds are interesting options for this purpose. Indeed, there is an increasing interest in using herbal therapy to treat endometriosis. Several studies have been conducted on natural products to find a drug candidate for the management of the mentioned problem. Many of these drugs have a pleiotropic action profile, meaning they block multiple processes involved in endometriosis pathogenesis, including proliferation, inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and angiogenesis. As a result, including them in multimodal treatment approaches may help to improve therapeutic efficiency and reduce adverse effects in future endometriosis treatments. Several methods have been described for the assessment of the potential effectiveness of the bioactive agents against endometriosis. In the present chapter, we aimed to give general information regarding endometriosis, the use of plant products in the treatment of this disease, and the methods that have been used for the activity investigation.
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Abstract

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease that causes pelvic pain and reduces fertility by developing inflammatory lesions outside the uterine. Although many studies have been performed to investigate the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis, there is still no direct evidence. Endometriosis, a common gynecological disease, often recurs even if treated. In vivo studies are used to investigate its etiopathogenesis and potential treatment methods. Hormonal therapy is generally used for endometriosis cases. This conventional therapy aims to lower estrogen levels in the body, however, it can be inadequate for the treatment and has numerous negative effects. The urgency of finding novel and cheap long-term safety therapies for endometriosis is highlighted by the need to manage it as a chronic disease. Medicinal plants and natural plant-derived compounds are interesting options for this purpose. Indeed, there is an increasing interest in using herbal therapy to treat endometriosis. Several studies have been conducted on natural products to find a drug candidate for the management of the mentioned problem. Many of these drugs have a pleiotropic action profile, meaning they block multiple processes involved in endometriosis pathogenesis, including proliferation, inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and angiogenesis. As a result, including them in multimodal treatment approaches may help to improve therapeutic efficiency and reduce adverse effects in future endometriosis treatments. Several methods have been described for the assessment of the potential effectiveness of the bioactive agents against endometriosis. In the present chapter, we aimed to give general information regarding endometriosis, the use of plant products in the treatment of this disease, and the methods that have been used for the activity investigation.

Keywords

Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Bioactivity, Cell line, Endometriosis, Extract, Gynecological disease, In vivo, In vitro, Medicinal plant, Mouse, Natural products, Rat, Secondary metabolite.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

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Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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