Endometriosis increases the risk of gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis stratified by mode of conception, disease localization and severity

Noemi Salmeri, Letizia Li Piani, Paolo Ivo Cavoretto, Edgardo Somigliana, Paola Viganò, Massimo Candiani
Scientific reports · 2023 · vol. 13(1) , pp. 8099 · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-35236-y · PMID:37208452 · PMC10199077 · W4377096465
meta-analysis OA: gold CC0 ⤵ 22 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This meta-analysis of 18 studies found that endometriosis significantly increases the risk of gestational diabetes, with a possible progressive effect in more advanced stages, but the association was not significant for ART-conceived pregnancies.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed observational evidence on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk in women with endometriosis, searching PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Scopus through June 2022 and including 18 studies totaling 4,600,885 women. Overall, women with endometriosis had a higher risk of GDM than controls (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.07–1.51), with the association persisting in natural pregnancies (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04–1.12) but not in ART-conceived pregnancies (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.70–1.24). When stratified by endometriosis phenotype, increased risk was observed in more severe stages (OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.20–8.54), while localization was not associated, and the authors note evidence quality ranging from low to moderate with limited phenotype-specific data. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it is a meta-analysis quantifying how endometriosis increases the risk of gestational diabetes and how that risk varies by conception mode, lesion severity, and localization.

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Abstract

To review the current evidence on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with endometriosis, taking into account relevant confounders such as the higher frequency of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) conceptions. Database searches on PubMed, Medline, Embase and Scopus through June 2022, using combinations of relevant keywords. A total of 18 studies, involving N = 4,600,885 women, were included. The overall risk of GDM in endometriosis patients was significantly higher than in controls (OR, 1.23; 95% CI 1.07-1.51). This significant association persisted in natural pregnancies (OR, 1.08; 95% CI 1.04-1.12) but not in pregnancies conceived through ART (OR, 0.93;95% CI 0.70-1.24). Based on the limited number of studies that examined this association in relation to endometriosis phenotype, an increased risk was found in more severe stages (OR, 3.20; 95% CI 1.20-8.54) but independently from localization of the lesions. Endometriosis increases the risk of GDM, with a possible progressive effect in more advanced stages of the disease. Although the effect magnitude may be limited in some subgroups, this finding has a clinically relevant impact due to both the strong biological plausibility and to the relatively high incidence of both endometriosis and GDM.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Gestational

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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Cited by (22)

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europepmc
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License: CC0 · commercial use OK