The Impact of Adenomyosis on Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review

Michael P Wendel, Michael Wendel, Everett F Magann
Obstetrical & gynecological survey · 2022 · vol. 77(8) , pp. 495–500 · doi:10.1097/ogx.0000000000001042 · PMID:35932290 · W4288513864
review OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 7 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This review examines adenomyosis incidence, risk factors, and diagnosis, finding it increasingly diagnosed in reproductive-aged women and associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes like miscarriage and preterm birth.

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Abstract

Objective The aim of this review was to describe the risk factors, diagnosis, and effects on pregnancy of the gynecologic condition adenomyosis. Methods A PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL search was undertaken. Citations were limited to the past 30 years. Results There were 223 articles identified, with 31 articles being the basis of this review. Adenomyosis is a relatively common gynecologic condition that was previously thought to predominantly occur in older women, as it was diagnosed most commonly after a hysterectomy. As imaging techniques have advanced, this condition is now able to be diagnosed much earlier in life and is estimated to affect up to 20% of reproductive aged women. As studies have followed these women through subsequent pregnancies, an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes has been observed. These include miscarriage, preterm birth, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, small for gestational age, low birthweight, and preeclampsia, among others. This review is to examine the incidence, risk factors, and diagnostic criteria of adenomyosis and to then discuss its role in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions Adenomyosis has been predominately a gynecologic condition, but now has been shown to adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. Diagnosis is made with histology, but may be suspected based on magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound findings. Despite evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, there are no established strategies to risk, stratify, or prevent any of these outcomes. Target Audience Obstetricians and gynecologists, family medicine physicians Learning Objectives After completion of this article, the reader should be better able to interpret the incidence and diagnostic criteria for adenomyosis; identify patients at risk for adenomyosis; and predict the adverse outcomes of pregnancy related to adenomyosis.

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Condition tags

adenomyosis

MeSH descriptors

Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Spontaneous Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Premature Birth Premature Birth Premature Birth Premature Birth Premature Birth Premature Birth Adult Adult

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (31)

Cited by (7)

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License: CC0 · commercial use OK