Bradykinin system is involved in endometriosis-related pain through endothelin-1 production
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⤵ 13 in-corpus citations
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The bradykinin system and endothelin-1 production are involved in endometriosis-related pain, with bradykinin activation inducing endothelin-1 expression in endometriotic stromal cells.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease exhibiting severe pelvic pain, but the mechanism of pain production remains unknown. Bradykinin (BK) is known as an inflammatory mediator, and shows elevated levels in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, we evaluated whether BK is involved in endometriosis-related pain.
METHODS: Endometriotic lesions were used for immunohistochemistry. Primary cultures of endometriotic stromal cells (ESC) were stimulated with IL-1β and/or BK. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expressions of BK receptors (BKR) and endothelin-1 in ESC. The concentration of endothelin-1 in cystic fluid of endometrioma or non-endometrioma was measured with ELISA. The conditioned medium of ESC stimulated with IL-1β and/or BK was injected intraplantarly in mice, and evaluated whether pain-related licking behaviour was elicited.
RESULTS: The expressions of BK and BKR in endometriotic lesions were observed by immunohistochemistry. In vitro experiments showed that IL-1β induced BKR-B1 and B2 on ESC. Activation of these receptors by BK significantly induced endothelin-1 expression in ESC, which was negated completely by HOE-140, a BKR-B2 antagonist. The cystic fluid of endometrioma contained higher amount of endothelin-1 compared to non-endometrioma. Intraplantar injection of the conditioned medium of ESC treated with IL-1β and BK significantly induced licking behaviour, which was suppressed with BQ-123, an endothelin type-A receptor antagonist.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated the presence and the function of the BK axis in endometriosis, and established a potential new therapy target for endometriosis-related pain.
SIGNIFICANCE: The present study demonstrated (1) the presence and the function of the BK system in endometriosis, (2) activation of BKR induced endothelin-1 in endometriotic lesion and (3) blocking endothelin-1 was effective to decrease pain.
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Cited by (14)
- Nano-based Innovations for Reimagining Endometriosis: Next-Gen Diagnostics and Therapeutics Toward Targeted and Transformative Therapy- A Comprehensive Review 2026
- Rethinking endometriosis recurrence: from clinical challenge to biological opportunity 2026
- The evolution of endometriosis research models: a paradigm shift from immortalized cell lines to organoids† 2026
- Current Understanding of Endometriosis Pathophysiology and Future Perspectives 2025
- R-954, a bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist, as a potential therapy in a preclinical endometriosis model 2024
- Status and related factors of postoperative recurrence of ovarian endometriosis: a cross-sectional study of 874 cases 2023
- Metformin Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction in Endometriosis through Downregulation of ET-1 and Upregulation of eNOS 2022
- Potential link between the nerve injury-induced protein (Ninjurin) and the pathogenesis of endometriosis 2022
- Homing Peptide-Based Targeting of Tenascin-C and Fibronectin in Endometriosis 2021
- Pentoxifylline for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain and infertility 2021
- MiR-370-3p inhibits the development of human endometriosis by downregulating EDN1 expression in endometrial stromal cells 2021
- Involvement of bradykinin and bradykinin B1 receptor in patients with endometriosis 2021
- Perineural invasion in endometriotic lesions contributes to endometriosis-associated pain 2018
- Differentially-Expressed miRNAs in Ectopic Stromal Cells Contribute to Endometriosis Development: The Plausible Role of miR-139-5p and miR-375 2018
Source provenance
- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-10-13T06:10:10.580696+00:00
- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-10-08T21:20:43.737482+00:00
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