Focal cellular origin and regulation of interstitial collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1) are related to menstrual breakdown in the human endometrium

I Kokorine, Isabelle Kokorine, E Marbaix, Étienne Marbaix, P Henriet, Patrick Henriet, Y Okada, Yasunori Okada, J. Donnez, Jacques Donnez, Y Eeckhout, Yves Eeckhout, P J Courtoy, Pierre J. Courtoy
Journal of cell science · 1996 · vol. 109(8) , pp. 2151–2160 · doi:10.1242/jcs.109.8.2151 · PMID:8856511 · W2113625077
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Interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) is focally expressed in stromal cells of the endometrium, particularly where steroid receptors are absent and tissue breakdown occurs, indicating its role in menstruation.

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Abstract

Recent studies suggest that interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) is an essential enzyme in the early events leading to menstruation. This study analyses its cellular origin, regulation and relation to extracellular matrix breakdown in the human endometrium, both in cultured and non-cultured samples. The source of MMP-1 was identified by in situ hybridization and by immunohistochemistry on serial sections. This was compared with the immunolocalization of other MMPs, steroid receptors, macrophages, and laminin. In non-cultured endometrium, MMP-1 was only expressed during the perimenstrual period. It was either restricted to superficial foci of stromal cells or extended towards the entire functional layer. MMP-1 expression remarkably correlated with matrix breakdown, as assessed by silver staining, and was prominent at the periphery of shedding fragments and along some arterioles. In cultured non-menstrual explants, MMP-1 expression was induced within two days after deprivation of sex steroids. Both in cultured and non-cultured samples, progesterone receptors were not detectable in epithelial cells at foci of MMP-1 expression. The same stromal cells could synthesize MMP-1, MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-3 (stromelysin-1), as well as laminin, and did not correspond to macrophages. In conclusion, MMP-1 is focally expressed in stromal cells of the functional layer of the endometrium, when and where steroid receptors disappear, and especially where tissue breakdown is prominent. These observations point to an essential role for MMP-1 in the early stages of menstruation.

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MeSH descriptors

Collagenases Endometrium Menstrual Cycle Collagenases Collagenases Down-Regulation Down-Regulation Endometrium Extracellular Matrix Extracellular Matrix Female Gelatinases Gelatinases Gonadal Steroid Hormones Gonadal Steroid Hormones Humans Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 Matrix Metalloproteinase 3

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