Proton irradiation and endometriosis.

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Female monkeys exposed to proton irradiation at doses and energies comparable to those from a solar flare developed endometriosis significantly more often than unexposed animals.

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Abstract

Female rhesus monkeys given single total-body exposures of protons of varying energies developed endometriosis at a frequency significantly higher than that of nonirradiated animals of the same age. The minimum latency period was 7 years after exposure. The doses and energies of the radiation received were within the range that could be received by an aircrew member in near-earth orbit during a random solar flare event, leading to the conclusion that endometriosis should be a consideration in assessing the risk of delayed radiation effects in female crewmembers.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Macaca Macaca mulatta Protons Aerospace Medicine Animals Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Radiation Dosage Time Factors Whole-Body Irradiation

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

Cited by (37)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-09-27T09:11:36.575535+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:09:55.985569+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK