Human endometriotic xenografts in immunodeficient RAG-2/gamma(c)KO mice

Greenberg LH, Laura H Greenberg, Ov D. Slayden, Slayden OD
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2004 · vol. 190(6) , pp. 1788–1795 · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2004.02.047 · PMID:15284801 · W2161711157
Lab / animal OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 23 in-corpus citations
View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-07-11 ⓘ

Human endometriotic biopsy specimens with glands were successfully grafted into RAG-2/gamma(c)KO mice, exhibiting hormonal responsiveness and cyclic bleeding, unlike samples lacking glands.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to create a novel animal model for studies of endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN: To facilitate the study of the transplantation of endometriosis into immunodeficient RAG-2/gamma(c)KO mice, endometriosis biopsy specimens were collected from 19 women by laparoscopic surgery and grafted subcutaneously into the mice, which were treated subsequently with estradiol and progesterone to create 28-day artificial cycles. The grafts were collected during the first, second, and fourth cycles and were evaluated histologically for evidence of bleeding and immunocytochemically for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. RESULTS: Biopsy specimens that contained endometrium-like glands were well accepted (>90% success). These grafts maintained glandular morphologic condition, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor; bled after progesterone withdrawal; and formed chocolate cysts. However, biopsy specimens that lacked glands or that consisted of peritoneal adhesions and stroma were accepted poorly <5% success) and failed to show evidence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or cyclic bleeding. CONCLUSION: Human endometriosis transplanted into RAG-2/gamma(c)KO mice can provide a model for endometriotic bleeding.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Immunocompromised Host Immunocompromised Host Menstrual Cycle Animals Animals Biopsy, Needle Biopsy, Needle Disease Models, Animal Disease Models, Animal Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Female Humans Humans Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry Menstrual Cycle Menstrual Cycle

Citation neighborhood (2-hop)

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. Outer rings show 2-hop neighbours — papers reached through the immediate citers/citees. [ collapse to 1-hop ]

References (27)

Cited by (23)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-10-10T06:11:15.153948+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-10-08T21:02:35.474120+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-10-10T06:25:47.132674+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK