Time for global health policy and research leaders to prioritize endometriosis

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The authors thank Kevin Kuan, University of Edinburgh, for Fig.1 graphic design and critical content editing. Author contributions L.C.G. conceived the topic and wrote the initial draft, which was extensively revised with A.W.H. and S.A.M.. L.C.G. contributed much of the scientific information about endometriosis patho- genesis and pathophysiology. A.W.H. contributed key concepts about public health relevance and endometriosis clinical symptoms, clinical care, and health disparities. S.A.M. contributed key concepts in the epidemiology of endometriosis, status of funding for research and multi- disciplinary care models. L.C.G., A.W.H., and S.A.M. each provided references throughout the manuscript and in areas of their expertise and assured accuracy of citations and worked as a team on revising the manuscript resulting in its final form. Competing interests L.C.G. is funded by the National Institutes of Health P01 HD106414, “UCSF Stanford Endo- metriosis Center for Discovery, Innovation, Training and Community Engagement ”. She is co- author of patent filed by the Regents of the University of California, San Francisco, U.S. Application Serial No. 63/149,022, “Endometriosis-Related Methods and Compositions ”.S h e is past-President of the World Endometriosis Society and the American Society for Repro- ductive Medicine, and is a consultant for Celmatix, Myovant Sciences, and Gesynta Pharma. AH’s institution (University of Edinburgh) has received payment for consultancy and grant funding from Roche Diagnostics to assist in the early development of a possible blood diagnostic biomarker for endometriosis. A.W.H. ’s institution has received payment for con- sultancy fees from Gesynta and Joii. A.W.H. has received payment for a presentation from Theramex. A.W.H. ’s instutution has received grant funding from the MRC, NIHR, CSO and Wellbeing of Women for endometriosis research. A.W.H. is listed as a co-inventor on a UK Patent Application (No· 2217921·2). A.W.H. is President-elect of the World Endometriosis Society and co-Editor in chief of Reproduction and Fertility. AH has been a member of the NICE and ESHRE Endometriosis Guideline Groups. AH is a Trustee and Medical Advisor to Comment nature communications (2023) 14:8028 | 3 Endometriosis UK. S.A.M. receives research support from National Institutes of Health, USA Department of Defense, AbbVie, and Marriott Family Foundations. She is President of the World Endometriosis Society, the Field Chief Editor for Frontiers in Reproductive Health and has served on advisory boards for AbbVie, Roche, and Abbott. Additional information Correspondenceand requests for materials should be addressed to Linda C. Giudice. Peer review informationNature Communicationsthanks Serdar E. Bulun and Sarah Hawkes, for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Reprints and permissions informationis available at http://www.nature.com/reprints Publisher’sn o t eSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in pub- lished maps and institutional affiliations. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2023 Comment nature communications (2023) 14:8028 | 4