Status of current research on endometriosis.
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This paper reviews trade liberalization's impact on global tobacco supply and use, finding it significantly increased consumption, especially in lower-income nations.
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Abstract
This paper reviews international issues in the supply of tobacco and tobacco products, including trade liberalization and globalization. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the theoretical foundations for trade and trade restrictions. This is followed by a description of the treatment of tobacco and tobacco products in recent multi-lateral, regional and bilateral trade agreements, as well as a short discussion of the recent globalization of the tobacco industry. Included in this description is a review of the empirical evidence on the impact of trade liberalization on tobacco use. The implications of two recently proposed international agreements--the Multilateral Agreement on Investments and the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control--are then discussed. The paper concludes by summarizing the theoretical and empirical evidence that shows clearly that trade liberalization has significantly increased tobacco use, particularly in low and middle-income countries, and follows this with a discussion of the lessons learned from tobacco for controlling alcohol supply.
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Cited by (50)
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- miR-297 inhibits expression of progesterone receptor and decidualization in eutopic endometria of endometriosis 2022
- Endometriosis and autoimmunity: Can autoantibodies be used as a non-invasive early diagnostic tool? 2021
- Risk factors for ovarian endometrioma recurrence following surgical excision: a systematic review and meta‑analysis 2021
- Age at surgery and recurrence of ovarian endometrioma after conservative surgery: a meta-analysis including 3125 patients 2020
- A Rare Case of Cyclical Hemothorax: Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome 2018
- Catechol-O-methyltransferase 158G/A polymorphism and endometriosis/adenomyosis susceptibility: A meta-analysis in the Chinese population 2018
- Expression of inflammatory cytokines in serum and peritoneal fluid from patients with different stages of endometriosis 2018
- Association of rs1800790 in FGB and Endometrium in Iranian Women 2016
- The estrogen metabolites 2-methoxyestradiol and 2-hydroxyestradiol inhibit endometriotic cell proliferation in estrogen-receptor-independent manner 2016
- Association between glutathione S-transferase M1/T1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis 2016
- The study of relationship between the expression of VEGF and Ang-2 and Tie-2 in endometriosis 2016
- Enhanced cyclooxygenase-2 expression levels and metalloproteinase 2 and 9 activation by Hexachlorobenzene in human endometrial stromal cells 2016
- Comprehensive study of angiogenic factors in women with endometriosis compared to women without endometriosis 2016
- Glutathione- <i>S</i> -transferases M1/T1 gene polymorphisms and endometriosis: a meta-analysis in Chinese populations 2015
- Endometriosis 2015
- Immunological aspects of endometriosis: a review. 2015
- Role of vitamin D in female Reproduction 2015
- Effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on nerve fibers of a rat model of endometriosis. 2015
- Estradiol promotes cells invasion by activating β-catenin signaling pathway in endometriosis 2015
- Arrays to detect Erring Factors of Endometrial Origin in Endometriosis 2015
- Genetic burden associated with varying degrees of disease severity in endometriosis 2015
- Effect of LIM kinase 1 overexpression on behaviour of endometriosis-derived stromal cells 2014
- Prevalence and Polymorphism in Interferon-γ Gene (CA) Repeats with Different Stages of Endometriosis 2013
- Recurrence of ovarian endometrioma after second-line, conservative, laparoscopic cyst enucleation 2013
- Factors associated with the laterality of recurrent endometriomas after conservative surgery 2013
- Clinical Characteristics of Adolescent Endometrioma 2013
- Elevated glycodelin-A concentrations in serum and peritoneal fluid of women with ovarian endometriosis 2013
- Pericardial, pleural and diaphragmatic endometriosis in association with pelvic peritoneal and bowel endometriosis: a case report and review of the literature. 2012
- Endometriosis, Angiogenesis and Tissue Factor 2012
- Laparoscopic surgical treatment of diaphragmatic endometriosis: a 7-year single-institution retrospective review 2012
- In vitro model of stromal and epithelial immortalized endometriotic cells 2011
- Endometriosis 2010
- The expression of human leukocyte antigens class I and II in women with endometriosis or adenomyosis 2010
- Possible aggravating impact of gene polymorphism in women with endometriosis. 2009
- Early menstrual characteristics associated with subsequent diagnosis of endometriosis 2009
- Is operative laparoscopy safe in ovarian endometriosis? 2009
- Endometriosis 2009
- Is operative laparoscopy safe in ovarian 2009
- The role of iron in the pathogenesis of endometriosis 2009
- <i>Endometriosis and Tissue Factor</i> 2008
- Chapter 10 Endometriosis and Autoimmunity 2008
- Role of melatonin in regulating matrix metalloproteinase‐9 via tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase‐1 during protection against endometriosis 2008
- Gelatinase A (MM-2), gelatinase B (MMP-9) and their inhibitors (TIMP 1, TIMP-2) in serum of women with endometriosis: Significant correlation between MMP-2, MMP-9 and their inhibitors without difference in levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in relation to the severity of endometriosis 2008
- Endometriosis and Genetic Polymorphisms 2007
- Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis 2007
- Increased expression of c-fos protein associated with increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein expression in the endometrium of endometriotic patients 2007
- Serum Antiendometrial Antibodies and Diagnosis of Endometriosis 2007
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