Cyst fluid iron-related compounds as useful markers to distinguish malignant transformation from benign endometriotic cysts
Iron-related compounds were significantly lower in ovarian cancer cysts than benign endometriotic cysts, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing malignant transformation.
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This study investigated whether iron-related compounds in cyst fluid can distinguish benign endometriotic cysts from endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer by measuring total iron, heme iron, and free iron in surgically obtained cyst fluid from 36 histologically confirmed benign endometriotic cyst cases and 11 endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer cases. Using ICP-OES for total iron and spectrophotometric/chelation methods for heme and free iron, the authors found that all three iron measures were significantly lower in the cancer group, with a total iron cutoff of 64.8 mg/L yielding high diagnostic performance (sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 100%). A key limitation explicitly noted is the mismatch with the presumed mechanism that excess iron promotes carcinogenesis, leaving open mechanistic interpretation. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it evaluates cyst-fluid iron-related compounds as biomarkers to discriminate malignant transformation in endometriotic cysts.
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Cited by (30)
- Ovarian Cancer and Its Association with Endometriosis: A Narrative Review 2025
- Immunological Dysregulation in Endometriosis Potentially Linked to Anomalies in NCOA4-Mediated Iron Autophagy Pathway 2024
- Heme metabolism and HO-1 in the pathogenesis and potential intervention of endometriosis 2024
- Molecular mechanism of autophagy and apoptosis in endometriosis: Current understanding and future research directions 2024
- The role of mitochondrial dynamics in the pathophysiology of endometriosis 2023
- Visible and near‑infrared interactance spectroscopy is a non‑invasive technique which can be used to evaluate the hemoglobin concentration in endometriotic cyst fluid 2023
- The role of iron in the pathogenesis of endometriosis: a systematic review 2023
- Potential clinical implications of iron metabolism in ovarian endometriosis 2022
- The Comparison of Three Predictive Indexes to Discriminate Malignant Ovarian Tumors from Benign Ovarian Endometrioma: The Characteristics and Efficacy 2022
- The Endometriotic Neoplasm Algorithm for Risk Assessment (e-NARA) Index Sheds Light on the Discrimination of Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer from Ovarian Endometrioma 2022
- Macrophages Protect Endometriotic Cells Against Oxidative Damage Through a Cross-Talk Mechanism 2022
- Predictive factors of endometriosis progression into ovarian cancer 2022
- Validation of magnetic resonance relaxometry R2 value and cyst fluid iron level for diagnosis of ovarian endometrioma 2021
- Effects of iron-related compounds and bilirubin on redox homeostasis in endometriosis and its malignant transformations 2021
- A Novel Predictive Tool for Discriminating Endometriosis Associated Ovarian Cancer from Ovarian Endometrioma: The R2 Predictive Index 2021
- A delicate redox balance between iron and heme oxygenase-1 as an essential biological feature of endometriosis 2021
- Relationship between Cyst Fluid Concentrations of Iron and Severity of Dysmenorrhea in Patients with Ovarian Endometrioma 2021
- Effect of the cyst fluid concentration of iron on infertility in patients with ovarian endometrioma 2020
- Towards an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of endometriosis-associated symptoms (Review) 2020
- A diagnostic challenge of seromucinous borderline tumor 2019
- Immunohistochemical expression of CD44v9 and 8‐OHdG in ovarian endometrioma and the benign endometriotic lesions adjacent to clear cell carcinoma 2019
- Comparison of redox parameters in ovarian endometrioma and its malignant transformation 2018
- Integrating modern approaches to pathogenetic concepts of malignant transformation of endometriosis 2018
- Discrimination of malignant transformation from benign endometriosis using a near‑infrared approach 2018
- Modern approaches to noninvasive diagnosis of malignant transformation of endometriosis 2018
- Clinical significance of M2 macrophages expressing heme oxygenase-1 in malignant transformation of ovarian endometrioma 2018
- Transverse Relaxation Rate of Cyst Fluid Can Predict Malignant Transformation of Ovarian Endometriosis 2016
- Endometriotic cyst fluid induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human immortalized epithelial cells derived from ovarian endometrioma 2016
- Potential scenarios leading to ovarian cancer arising from endometriosis 2015
- Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Endometriosis and Its Malignant Transformation 2015
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