Endometriosis: symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Endometriosis, pain management, infertility, surgical treatment, hormonal therapy, multidisciplinary approachAbstract

Endometriosis is a complex gynecological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, often leading to chronic pain and infertility. Its management requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes surgical and medical interventions. Aim: This article aims to review current clinical management practices for pain and infertility associated with endometriosis, focusing on surgical and hormonal treatments as well as pain management strategies. Methods: A comprehensive analysis of existing literature on endometriosis management was conducted, highlighting various therapeutic options, their efficacy, and considerations regarding surgical interventions. Results: Surgical techniques, such as excision of endometrial implants and nerve ablation, demonstrate success rates of 50% to 80% in alleviating symptoms. Hormonal treatments, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs), progestins, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH), are first-line therapies for managing pain. In cases of infertility, surgical interventions can enhance the likelihood of natural conception. However, the recurrence of endometriosis remains a significant concern, occurring in 5% to 15% of patients even after comprehensive surgeries. Conclusion: Effective management of endometriosis-related pain and infertility necessitates a tailored approach, considering patient preferences, side effects, and the specific clinical scenario. Downloads

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