Rectal Clear Cell Carcinoma Arising from Endometriosis: Case Report and Literature Review

Adriana Ioana Gaia-Oltean, Adriana Ioana Gaia‐Oltean, Dan Boitor‐Borza, Voicu Simedrea, Voicu Caius Simedrea, Vlad Braicu, Laura Pop, Romeo Micu
Diagnostics · 2025 · vol. 15(15) , pp. 1936 · doi:10.3390/diagnostics15151936 · PMID:40804901 · PMC12346751 · W4412841320
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This case report describes a rare instance of clear cell carcinoma arising from rectal endometriosis in a 43-year-old woman, detailing her presentation, surgical treatment, and postoperative outcome.

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Abstract

Background and Clinical Significance: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that can occasionally be associated with malignant transformation. The most common site of malignant transformation is the ovary, but there can also be rare extragonadal endometriosis-associated malignancy sites, such as the intestines, rectovaginal septum, and abdominal wall. A low number of malignant degenerations of rectal endometriosis are described in the literature. However, the majority of these cases report endometrioid adenocarcinoma as the most frequent histopathological type of tumor. On the other hand, Müllerian clear cell carcinoma is sporadic. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 43-year-old woman with clear cell carcinoma of the rectum, which developed on an endometriosis nodule, and the surgical outcome. Imaging of the case was performed by MRI. The patient was offered curative surgery. The pathology report confirmed a clear cell carcinoma developed on an endometriosis lesion, and immunochemistry helped in the characterization of the tumor. The patient developed a rectovaginal fistula. An ileostomy and surgical repair of the fistulous opening were performed, with a favorable postoperative recovery. Conclusions: Malignant transformation of endometriosis lesions is possible and should be taken into consideration. Müllerian clear cell carcinoma development within rectovaginal endometriosis is extremely rare.

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Outcome instruments

Enzian

Condition tags

endometriosisbowel_endometriosis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (36)

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