Human V α 7.2-J α 33 mucosal-associated invariant T cells in endometrial ectopic tissues tend to produce interferon-gamma: A new player in endometriosis etiology: A case-control study

Zare Moghaddam M, Maryam Zare Moghaddam, Fateme Zare, Zare F, Reyhane Sandoghsaz, Sandoghsaz R, Khalili A, Abbas Khalili, Ali Shams
International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2024 · vol. 22(3) , pp. 235–244 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v22i3.16168 · PMID:38868448 · PMC11165224 · W4396919261
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

Human Vα7.2-Jα33 mucosal-associated invariant T cells in ectopic endometrial tissues correlated with interferon-gamma production, suggesting a potential role in endometriosis pathogenesis.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-10 · read from full text ⓘ

This case-control study examined mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells expressing the Vα7.2-Jα33 T-cell receptor in endometrial ectopic tissues, focusing on whether these cells tend to produce interferon-gamma. Using human tissue samples from affected individuals, the authors assessed MAIT-cell presence and their interferon-gamma production patterns in ectopic endometrial tissue, finding a tendency toward interferon-gamma production by Vα7.2-Jα33 MAIT cells. A key limitation is that the design is case-control and thus does not establish causality for how these immune features contribute to disease development. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it evaluates Vα7.2-Jα33 MAIT cells and interferon-gamma production in endometrial ectopic tissues as a proposed etiologic player.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-related inflammatory disorder that is known by proliferating endometrial cells in a place outside the uterus. The high presence of immune cells in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis confirms the involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of the disease. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play an undeniable impact on mucosal immunity by the production of interleukin-17, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The function of the cells in the pathogenesis of endometriosis is less investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the infiltration of MAIT cells by using the determination levels of V α 7.2-J α 33 gene expression in eutopic and ectopic tissue of endometriosis lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case-control study, the tested samples include 20 eutopic and 20 ectopic tissues of women with endometriosis and 20 uterine endometrial tissues of women in the control group. Expressions of the V α 7.2-J α 33 tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-17A, and IFN-γ genes were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: According to the results, V α 7.2-J α 33 gene expression did not show substantial elevation in the uterine and eutopic endometrial tissues compared to internal gene control as well as in ectopic tissues. Correlation analysis approved a positive relationship between V α 7.2-J α 33 expression genes and IFN-γ levels in ectopic tissues. CONCLUSION: Considering the low-expression specific gene of MAIT cells in ectopic tissue, it can be concluded that these cells are present in the endometriotic environment to a certain extent, and there is a possibility of their role in the progression of endometriosis by secreting IFN- γ .
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Ali Shams and Abbas Khalili designed the study and conducted the research. Fateme Zare and Maryam Zare Moghadam and Reyhane Sandoghsaz evaluated essential criteria for selecting patients and carried out the experiments and analyzed the result of the study. All authors approved the final manuscript and take responsibility for the integrity of the data.

Coi Statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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endometriosis

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