Aspectos fisiopatológicos y repercusiones reproductivas de los endometriomas ováricos
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Ovarian endometriomas form via invagination of the ovarian cortex, potentially harming oocytes, and cystectomy is preferred over drainage for recurrence, pain relief, and pregnancy, though it may reduce ovarian reserve.
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Abstract
There are several theories for the formation of the ovarian endometrioma. The most plausible one is the invagination of the ovarian cortex forming a pseudocyst. There is evidence that the endometrioma can be detrimental to the surrounding oocytes. The cystectomy for the endometrioma reports better results in terms of recurrence, relief of pain and pregnancy than the drainage and ablation of the endometriotic implants. The invagination of the ovarian cortex also includes the follicular layer, which can be part of the capsule of the endometrioma. So, when removed, it can lead to a decreased ovarian reserve and premature ovarian failure. Further studies are required to understand the pathophysiology of the endometrioma and to develop better lines of treatment.
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