Local Production of Interleukins and Growth Factors in External Genital Endometriosis
This study investigated the in vitro production of interleukins and growth factors in endometrial tissues and endometrioid foci from women with external genital endometriosis, finding increased IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and VEGF in severe cases.
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The study examined, in vitro, local secretion of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6) and growth factors (VEGF, IGF-I, TGFβ) by endometrial tissues and endometrioid heterotopies from patients with external genital endometriosis across different severities. In the endometrium, production of IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 and secretion of VEGF increased with severe disease, while TGFβ secretion decreased; in endometrioid foci, hyperproduction of IL-2 and IL-6 and VEGF with decreased TGFβ production was reported. The authors attribute these findings to a local cytokine imbalance and increased proliferative activity of endometrial cells, but a key limitation is that the work was conducted on tissue cultures rather than directly assessing in vivo mechanisms. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it focuses on local production of interleukins and growth factors in external genital endometriosis.
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Cites (3)
- Morphometric study of the stromal vascularization in peritoneal endometriosis 1993
- Regulation of Angiogenic Growth Factors in the Female Reproductive Tract by Estrogens and Progestins 1999
- Local cytokine production in patients with external genital endometriosis 2021
Cited by (4)
- Role of Interleukin-6 and Its Receptor in Endometriosis 2017
- Resveratrol reduces the expression of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and hepatocyte growth factor in stromal cells of women with endometriosis compared with nonendometriotic women 2019
- The effects of resveratrol on the expression of VEGF, TGF-β, and MMP-9 in endometrial stromal cells of women with endometriosis 2021
- Analysis of VEGF, IGF1/2 and the Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 Expression in Polish Women with Endometriosis 2024
References (4)
- Local cytokine production in patients with external genital endometriosis via openalex
- Morphometric study of the stromal vascularization in peritoneal endometriosis via openalex
- Regulation of Angiogenic Growth Factors in the Female Reproductive Tract by Estrogens and Progestins via openalex
- W2024681203 via openalex
Cited by (4)
- Analysis of VEGF, IGF1/2 and the Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 Expression in Polish Women with Endometriosis 2024
- The effects of resveratrol on the expression of VEGF, TGF-β, and MMP-9 in endometrial stromal cells of women with endometriosis 2021
- Resveratrol reduces the expression of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and hepatocyte growth factor in stromal cells of women with endometriosis compared with nonendometriotic women 2019
- Role of Interleukin-6 and Its Receptor in Endometriosis 2017
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- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-06-21T06:12:49.409960+00:00
- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-05-13T22:15:35.797702+00:00