The Animal Model of Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis occurs spontaneously in animals and can be induced in laboratory animals, but the functional significance and relevance to humans of existing mouse models remain unclear.
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This chapter reviews how spontaneous adenomyosis in multiple animal species has been modeled experimentally, emphasizing that induction depends on species/strain and on the timing of hormonal or endocrine interventions. It highlights neonatal tamoxifen administration and altered prolactin production in mice as the most widely reported models, but notes that the functional significance of adenomyosis in these mice and the relevance of the models to human disease remain unclear. A major limitation acknowledged is the difficulty in translating findings because model formation is highly variable across experimental setups and species. This paper is centrally about endometriosis and/or adenomyosis — specifically, it focuses on animal models of adenomyosis and discusses their relevance to human disease.
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