Endometriosis and Infertility: The Comorbidities
Endometriosis is a major cause of female infertility, with gynecological and systemic comorbidities significantly contributing to this association.
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This chapter reviews how infertility is highly prevalent in women with endometriosis and examines how coexisting gynecologic comorbidities (including uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome) and systemic conditions (autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, mental health disorders, and migraine) may contribute to infertility through different mechanisms. It synthesizes evidence aimed at highlighting that identifying concomitant conditions affecting fertility is important for more comprehensive counseling and reproductive planning. A key limitation is that the chapter is a narrative review/summary of the literature rather than a single original study, so it does not provide one unified quantitative estimate of effect sizes across all comorbidities. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it focuses on infertility and specifically discusses comorbidities, including adenomyosis, that co-occur with endometriosis and may influence fertility outcomes.
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