Khan KN

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is increasingly recognized as a disorder of impaired reproductive immune tolerance rather than solely an endocrine disease. Although previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the number of regu…

Uterine adenomyosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory condition and may cause painful symptoms, abnormal uterine bleeding, and/or subfertility/infertility. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma wit…

The authors regret “We are very sorry for the careless printing mistake in the proper alignment of case numbers in Table 2, Table 3 of the mentioned article. These case numbers [(n = 25) and (n = 782)] should be read above the line and belo…

The innate and adaptive immune systems are the two key branches that determine host protection at all mucosal surfaces in human body, including the female reproductive tract. The pattern recognition receptors within the host that recognize …

BackgroundA potential concern has been raised regarding fertility and reproductive outcome during the Covid-19 pandemic with growing stress and anxiety. However, information on the association between tissue stress reaction and expression p…

Menstrual blood, containing high iron levels, can undergo retrograde transport into the abdominal cavity. Excess iron causes oxidative stress and inflammation. Iron metabolism is regulated by hepcidin, and serum hepcidin levels are increase…

BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that the origin of early-onset endometriosis could be from endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) in neonatal uterine blood (NUB). There is no information on the possible mechanistic basis linking an…

Abstract Neonatal uterine bleeding (NUB) has been postulated to cause early-onset endometriosis, but so far there has been no information on whether young women with a history of NUB may manifest various symptoms related to endometriosis. …

In vitroculturing of endometrial cells obtained from the uterine mucosa or ectopic sites is used to study molecular and cellular signalling relevant to physiologic and pathologic reproductive conditions. However, the lack of consensus on st…

Although nutrient status plays an important role in cell metabolism, its significance in endometriosis is obscure. Herein, we investigated the effects of a low-nutrient microenvironment on endometriosis. Stromal cells (SCs) from ovarian end…

CONTEXT: Progesterone resistance including progesterone receptor (PR) deficiency contributes to the pathophysiology of endometriosis; however, whether the PR expression levels in ovarian endometrioma (OE) correlate with the postoperative re…

Research questionIs there a biological difference between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis with coexisting deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE)?DesignIn this prospective controlled study, biopsy specimens were collected after surgery fr…

PROBLEM: Intrauterine microbial colonization and its association with the pathogenesis of endometriosis via an innate immune cascade have been reported. As a potential source of microbial transmission, information on microbial colonization …

STUDY QUESTION: Is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)-mediated pathway involved in the development of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: PGC-1α plays critical roles in inflammation and cell proliferation of e…

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that causes various clinical symptoms, such as chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and infertility, seriously affecting women's health and their quality of life. The symptoms and endometriotic l…

Endometrioma is one of the main pathologies of endometriosis, though its pathogenesis still remains enigmatic. Ovarian reserve is defined as the number and quality of the follicles left in the ovary at any given time. The cause of infertili…

ObjectiveEndometriosis is commonly believed to originate from functionalis endometrium and adenomyosis from basalis endometrium. Due to the lack of enough information, we investigated the biological differences between these two layers of e…

ObjectiveIncreased intrauterine microbial colonization by bacteria culture method and occurrence of endometritis have been reported in women with endometriosis. Here we investigated microbial colonization in intrauterine environment and cys…

ObjectiveA prominent stress reaction in the pelvis of women with endometriosis and the role of human heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in inflammation and the growth of endometriosis has been recently demonstrated. We report here expression of …

Adenomyosis is commonly believed to arise from the basalis endometrium. As an estromedin growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exhibits multiple functions in endometriosis, a disease commonly believed to arise from the functionalis …

Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease mostly affecting women of reproductive age. An additive effect between inflammation and stress reaction on the growth of endometriosis has been demonstrated. Here we investigated the combined effect…

ObjectivesHuman heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been reported to enhance Toll-like receptor 4-mediated pelvic inflammation and growth of endometriotic cells. However, information on tissue expression of HSP70 before and after treatment wi…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there any risk of intra-uterine bacterial colonization and concurrent occurrence of endometritis in women with endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: An increase in intra-uterine microbial colonization and concurrent endometritis…

study question: Is there any combined effect between inflammation and stress reaction on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated growth of endometriotic cells? summary answer: A combined effect of local inflammation and stress reaction in the …

STUDY QUESTION: Is there any occurrence of hidden (occult) endometriotic lesions in normal peritoneum of women with and without visible endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: We detected a slightly higher occurrence of occult microscopic endometrio…