Predictors of Chronic Pelvic Pain in an Urban Population of Women With Symptoms and Signs of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Catherine L. Haggerty, Jeffrey F. Peipert, Sherry Weitzen, Susan L. Hendrix, Robert L. Holley, Deborah B. Nelson, Hugh Randall, David E. Soper, Harold C. Wiesenfeld, Roberta B. Ness
In: Sexually Transmitted Diseases · 2005 · vol. 32(5) , pp. 293–299 · doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000162361.69041.a5 · PMID:15849530 · W1990043085
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 27 in-corpus citations
View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study of women with pelvic inflammatory disease identified nonblack race, marriage, low mental health scores, prior PID episodes, and smoking as predictors of chronic pelvic pain.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

In Brief Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the risk profile for chronic pelvic pain (CPP) after pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Study: Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for CPP in a longitudinal study of 780 predominately black, urban women with clinically suspected PID: complaints of acute pain (<30 days); a clinical finding of pelvic tenderness; and leukorrhea, mucopurulent cervicitis, or untreated gonococcal or chlamydial cervicitis. CPP was defined as pain reported at ≥2 consecutive interviews conducted every 3 to 4 months for 2 to 5 years. Results: Nonblack race (odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–3.58), being married (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.02–4.18), a low SF-36 mental health composite score (OR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.69–4.34), ≥2 prior PID episodes (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.07–7.54), and smoking (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.01–2.71) independently predicted CPP. Histologic endometritis or evidence of endometrial Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis infection was negatively associated with CPP (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.44–1.10). Conclusions: A range of demographic, clinical, historical, and behavioral factors predict CPP after PID. A longitudinal analysis of 780 women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) found that nonblack race, being married, a low SF-36 mental health composite score, ≥2 prior pelvic inflammatory disease episodes, and smoking predict chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Histologic endometritis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae/Chlamydia trachomatis were negatively associated with CPP.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Condition tags

chronic_pelvic_paindisambig:endometritis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (61)

Cited by (27)

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK