Efficacy and safety of nafarelin in the treatment of endometriosis
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This paper evaluated the efficacy and safety of nafarelin for treating endometriosis.
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Abstract
The efficacy and safety of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist nafarelin for treatment of endometriosis were compared with those of danazol in two large-scale, double-blind trials. Assessments of severity of symptoms, laparoscopic scores before and after therapy, and pregnancy rates showed that nafarelin, 400 and 800 micrograms administered intranasally, was as efficacious as oral danazol, 600 and 800 mg. The adverse effects seen with nafarelin, mainly hot flashes, were related to its mode of action, namely hypoestrogenemia induced by reversible inhibition of ovarian hormone production. Hypoestrogenemia was associated with a decrease of bone density in the lumbar vertebrae, but these changes were partially or completely reversible after treatment was discontinued. No significant changes in bone mass occurred in the distal radius. Danazol was associated with androgenic and metabolic adverse effects, including weight gain, negative effects on the lipid profile, and elevated liver enzyme levels. Nafarelin was found to be as effective as danazol for the management of endometriosis, with a different and more favorable safety profile.
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References (4)
- Administration of Nasal Nafarelin as Compared with Oral Danazol for Endometriosis via crossref
- Administration of Nasal Nafarelin as Compared with Oral Danazol for Endometriosis via openalex
- Metabolic changes during medical treatment of endometriosis: Nafarelin acetate versus danazol via crossref
- Metabolic changes during medical treatment of endometriosis: Nafarelin acetate versus danazol via openalex
Cited by (30)
- “Per vaginam” topical use of hormonal drugs in women with symptomatic deep endometriosis: a narrative literature review 2017
- Reevaluating response and failure of medical treatment of endometriosis: a systematic review 2017
- An efficient model of human endometriosis by induced unopposed estrogenicity in baboons 2016
- The Place of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists in the Management of Endometriosis 2014
- Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for pain associated with endometriosis 2010
- PPAR–gamma: a dagger in endometriosis 2010
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatments reduce aromatase and cyclooxygenase-2 in ovarian endometrioma and eutopic endometium in women with endometriosis. 2007
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ ligand reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced interleukin-8 production and growth in endometriotic stromal cells 2007
- Tratamento da endometriose 2006
- Management of the Pain Associated with Endometriosis: An Update of the Painful Problems 2006
- A Randomized, Parallel, Comparative Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Nafarelin Versus Danazol in the Treatment of Endometriosis in Taiwan 2005
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Interleukin-8 (IL-8) Expression in Endometriotic Stromal Cells, Probably through Nuclear Factor-κB Activation: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Treatment Reduced IL-8 Expression 2003
- Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis: bone mineral density 2003
- Consensus statement for the management of chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: proceedings of an expert-panel consensus process 2002
- Medical and Surgical Therapies for Pain Associated with Endometriosis 2001
- Effect of particle size on the prolonged action of subcutaneous danazol in male and female rats 2000
- Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for pain associated with endometriosis 1999
- Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for pain associated with endometriosis 1999
- Historical prospective cohort study of the recurrence of pain after discontinuation of treatment with danazol or a gonadotropin- releasing hormone agonist 1998
- Pre or post-operative medical treatment with nafarelin in stage III–IV endometriosis: a French multicenter study 1998
- Danazol concentrations in ovary, uterus, and serum and their effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis during vaginal administration of a danazol suppository 1995
- A randomized, comparative trial of triptorelin depot (D-Trp6-LHRH) and danazol in the treatment of endometriosis 1995
- Danazol: Prolonged suppression of gonadotropins after subcutaneous administration in the castrate male rat 1994
- Estrogenic suppression by different administration schedules of goserelin depot for treatment of endometriosis 1993
- Endometriosis 1993
- Changing concepts of medical treatment of endometriosis 1993
- Endometriosis 1993
- Principles of medical therapy for endometriosis pain 1992
- Endometriosis 1992
- Goserelin (Zoladex ) depot in the treatment of endometriosis 1992
Source provenance
- crossref
- last seen: 2026-05-18T01:00:40.474667+00:00
- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-07-28T06:14:09.330459+00:00
- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-05-13T22:12:10.587122+00:00
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