The relationship between dietary micronutrients and endometriosis: A case-control study

Ghazal Roshanzadeh, Shahideh Jahanian Sadatmahalleh, Ashraf Moini, Azadeh Mottaghi, Farahnaz Rostami
International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023 · vol. 21(4) , pp. 333–342 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v21i4.13272 · PMID:37260552 · PMC10227355 · W4378953960
article OA: gold CC0 ⤵ 12 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This case-control study found that lower dietary intake of potassium, calcium, and vitamins C, B2, and B12 was associated with an increased risk of endometriosis.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This case-control study examined the relationship between dietary micronutrients and endometriosis, comparing dietary micronutrient intake between individuals with endometriosis and appropriate controls using a case-control design. The paper reports associations between micronutrients and endometriosis status, indicating that specific dietary micronutrient patterns differed by group. A key limitation is that, as a case-control study, it cannot establish causality and may be vulnerable to recall or selection bias regarding dietary reporting. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it evaluates how dietary micronutrients relate to endometriosis risk/status in a case-control comparison.

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Abstract

Background: Fewer studies were on micronutrient intake in women with endometriosis, and the etiology of endometriosis remains unclear between dietary micronutrients and the risk of endometriosis. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary micronutrients and the risk of endometriosis. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 156 women (18-45 yr) with and without endometriosis in the gynecology clinic of Arash hospital between May 2017 and May 2018 in Tehran, Iran. According to the laparoscopic findings, the participants were divided into 2 groups (n = 78/each), women with pelvic endometriosis as the case group and women without endometriosis pelvic as the control group. Dietary data were collected using a validated 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire with the standard serving. A logistic regression model was used to determine the association between micronutrients and the risk of endometriosis. Results: Data analysis showed a significant relationship between micronutrients such as: potassium (OR: 0.74; CI: 0.56-0.99; p = 0.01), calcium (OR: 0.70; CI: 0.52-0.94; p = 0.003), and also among the vitamin C (OR: 0.70; CI: 0.52-0.94; p = 0.02), B2 (OR: 0.73; CI: 0.55-0.98; p = 0.01), and B12 (OR: 0.71; CI: 0.53-0.95; p = 0.02) with endometriosis, so those who used fewer micronutrients were at higher risk of endometriosis. Conclusion: The findings showed that the dietary intakes of calcium, potassium, vitamins B12, B2, B6, and C are inversely related to the risk of endometriosis.

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endometriosis

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