Endometrioma e infertilidad: revisión de alternativas terapéuticas

Endometrioma e infertilidad: revisión de alternativas terapéuticas DOI: https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.241Palabras clave: endometrioma, infertilidad, endometriosis, cistectomía, laparoscopiaResumen Objetivo: realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre el tratamiento de los endometriomas en el área de la infertilidad. Materiales y métodos: el presente trabajo es una revisión sistemática cualitativa, para la cual se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en PubMed/ MEDLINE, Hinari y Cochrane, para recopilar información publicada tanto en inglés como en español desde febrero del 2000 a marzo del 2010, eligiendo aquellos artículos que evaluaban el tratamiento de los endometriomas en función de la infertilidad. Resultados: la mejor evidencia respecto al manejo de los endometriomas en infertilidad se encuentra en las diferencias de las técnicas quirúrgicas para su tratamiento. La cistectomía laparoscópica es el método quirúrgico más efectivo, afecta de menor manera la reserva ovárica folicular y disminuye de forma significativa el riesgo de recurrencias. No afecta los resultados de la FIV (fertilización in vitro) en términos de embarazos. Conclusiones: la cirugía excisional laparoscópica (cistectomía) de los endometriomas ofrece ventajas frente a las demás. Biografía del autor/a Gustavo Adolfo Restrepo-Cano Referencias bibliográficas Olive DL, Schwartz LB. Endometriosis. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1759-69. Smith S, Pfeifer AM, Collins JA.Diagnosis and management of female infertility. JAMA 2003;290:1767-70. Woodward PJ, Sohaey R, Mezzetti TP Jr. Endometriosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2001;21:193-216. Hemmings R, Bissonnette F, Bouzayen R. Results of laparoscopic treatments of ovarian endometriomas: laparoscopic ovarian fenestration and coagulation. Fertil Steril 1998;70:527-9. Loh FH, Tan AT, Kumar J, Ng SC. 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