Progesterone receptor modulators and progesterone antagonists in women's health

I. M. Spitz, Irving M. Spitz, Spitz IM, Chwalisz K, K. Chwalisz
Steroids · 2000 · vol. 65(10-11) , pp. 807–815 · doi:10.1016/s0039-128x(00)00194-x · PMID:11108892 · W2053803797
review OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 16 in-corpus citations
View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This review explores the mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications of progesterone receptor modulators and antagonists for various women's health conditions.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Both progesterone receptor modulators (PRMs) as well as pure progesterone antagonists (PAs) have numerous proven and potential therapeutic applications in female health care. Mifepristone, a PRM with only marginal agonistic activity, together with a prostaglandin can terminate pregnancies of less than 9 weeks duration; mifepristone is also used in the preparation of women at later gestational stages whose pregnancies are terminated with prostaglandins or surgery. Mifepristone causes expulsion of the uterine contents following intrauterine fetal death and promotes dilation of the non-pregnant primigravid uterus. It is also effective in the treatment of missed abortion. Together with methotrexate, mifepristone can be used in the medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Both PAs and PRMs display antiproliferative effects on the endometrium. Because of this, they have application in the treatment of endometriosis, an estrogen-dependent condition. They may also be utilized to reduce myoma size, acting as both a PA and antiproliferative agent. Unlike GnRH agonists, long-term use in endometriosis and myoma is not associated with loss of bone and hypoestrogenism. PRMs may also be useful in IVF programs to prevent a premature LH surge and to delay the emergence of the implantation window. Some PRMs have potential use as hormone replacement therapy in women during menopause or in those with dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

MeSH descriptors

Hormone Antagonists Progesterone Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal Animals Female Genital Diseases, Female Genital Diseases, Female Hormone Antagonists Hormone Antagonists Humans Mifepristone Mifepristone Mifepristone Pregnancy Progesterone Receptors, Progesterone Receptors, Progesterone Receptors, Progesterone

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (100)

Cited by (14)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-08-18T06:10:16.649438+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:13:30.513821+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-08-18T06:27:49.008893+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK