Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1α Enhances Local Estrogen Biosynthesis by Stimulating Aromatase Activity in Endometriosis

Izumi Suganuma, Taisuke Mori, Fumitake Ito, Yukiko Tanaka, Aya Sasaki, Seiki Matsuo, Izumi Kusuki, Jo Kitawaki
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014 · vol. 99(7) , pp. E1191–E1198 · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2525 · PMID:24654751 · W2089930565
article OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 15 in-corpus citations
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1α enhances local estrogen biosynthesis by stimulating aromatase activity and expression in ovarian endometrioma stromal cells.

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Abstract

CONTEXT: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease, and estrogen is overproduced by abnormally elevated aromatase in endometriotic tissues. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator-modulating steroid hormone. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PGC-1α on aromatase activity in endometriosis. DESIGN: Specimens from ovarian endometrioma (OE), endometrium with endometriosis (EE), and normal endometrium (NE) were analyzed for PGC-1α and aromatase expression. PGC-1α-dependent changes in aromatase expression in primary cultured stromal cells (SCs) were identified using luciferase and enzymatic assays, exon I-specific RT-PCR, and real-time PCR. Environmental stimulus-induced changes in PGC-1α were also examined. RESULTS: PGC-1α was more highly expressed in OE than in EE and NE (P < .01). In OE, PGC-1α was coexpressed with aromatase, and their mRNA expressions were also correlated (r = 0.56, P = .02). PGC-1α was recruited to the nuclear receptor half-site between PI.3 and PII in the aromatase promoter. PGC-1α overexpression enhanced aromatase promoter activity (P < .01), mRNA expression (P < .05), and enzymatic activity (P < .01) in SCs from OE, but not in SCs from EE or NE. The levels of PI.3, PII, and exon II mRNA increased and transcriptional enhancement was abolished by mutation of the PGC-1α-interacting site. PGC-1α expression was enhanced in SCs from OE by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (P < .05) but not by hypoxia or 17β-estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: PGC-1α stimulated by TNF-α regulates aromatase expression and activity to promote local estrogen biosynthesis in OE, suggesting that PGC-1α is a promising candidate for novel targeted therapies in endometriosis treatment.

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Condition tags

endometriosisendometrioma

MeSH descriptors

Aromatase Endometriosis Endometriosis Estradiol Ovarian Diseases Ovarian Diseases Transcription Factors Adult Aromatase Aromatase Cells, Cultured Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometrium Endometrium Endometrium Estradiol Female Gene Expression Regulation Humans

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