Proteomische Techniken zur Diagnostik der Endometriose

Zusammenfassung Die Endometriose ist eine der häufigsten Erkrankungen bei Frauen im Reproduktionsalter und für die Diagnostik eine schwer zu fassende Entität. Durch einfache Proteinbestimmungen und proteomische Techniken wie Massenspektrometrie (MS) und 2-D-Gelelektrophorese (2-DE) können pathognomonische Prozesse bei der Endometriose im Vergleich zur physiologischen Situation untersucht werden. Bekannte bei der Endometriose differenziell exprimierte Proteine können bereits einzeln oder in Biomarkerpanels als diagnostische Marker eingesetzt werden. Umfangreichere Untersuchungstechniken wie die „protein pattern profiling MS“, die mit hoher Sensitivität und Spezifität die Erkrankung vorhersagen können, stellen dagegen aufgrund der hohen Kosten eher experimentelle Ansätze dar. Die 2-DE ist eine hervorragende Methode zur Untersuchung bisher unbekannter Regulationsmechanismen bei der Endometriose. Durch die nachfolgende MS-Analyse zur Proteinidentifizierung der differenziell regulierten Proteine können neue diagnostische und möglicherweise auch therapeutische Ziele identifiziert werden. Abstract Endometriosis is one of the most common benign diseases among premenopausal women. However, after years of extensive research, it is still impossible to correctly diagnose endometriosis without an operation. Protein detection and proteomic techniques like two-dimensional gelelectrophoresis (2DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) are applicable to explore pathognomonic processes by comparison of sera from endometriosis patients and from normal controls, respectively. Therefore, these techniques may reveal novel diagnostic markers for endometriosis. While single protein markers or panels of markers may presently enter clinical application, “high throughput” screening techniques like protein pattern profiling remain experimental due to exalted technology and costs. 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