Adenomyosis; Diagnosis, Clinical Findings and Current Approaches to Treatment

Begüm Ertan, Aslı Akdöner, Onur Yavuz, Ezgi BİLİCEN, Erkan Çağlıyan
In: Türk Üreme Tıbbı ve Cerrahisi Dergisi · 2022 · vol. 6(1) , pp. 135–141 · doi:10.24074/tjrms.2021-87530 · W4313127528
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⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Adenomyosis, characterized by endometrial tissue within the myometrium, presents with heavy bleeding and pain, is diagnosed via ultrasound or MRI, and treatment depends on future fertility plans.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 · read from full text ⓘ

This review paper describes adenomyosis, focusing on its definition as endometrial gland and/or stroma within hyperplastic and hypertrophic myometrium, the classification into diffuse and focal (adenomyoma) forms, and the proposed role of the junctional zone in pathogenesis. It summarizes epidemiology and clinical presentation, noting that risk factors are not fully clear, that adenomyosis is more common in perimenopausal and multiparous women, and that about one-third of patients are asymptomatic while the most common symptoms are heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea. For diagnosis, it states that transvaginal ultrasonography is the first choice and that MRI may be preferred when adenomyosis is suspected or when other benign uterine pathologies are considered, with definitive diagnosis requiring histological examination. This paper is centrally about adenomyosis—its diagnosis, clinical findings, and current treatment approaches.

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Abstract

Adenomyozis, endometriyal bez ve/veya stromann hiperplastik ve hipertrofik myometriyum iinde bulunmasdr. Histopatolojik olarak, diffz ve fokal(adenomyoma) olmak zere iki ana tipi vardr. Patogenezde junctional zonun anahtar rol oynad dnlmektedir. Risk faktrleri net olmamakla birlikte perimenopozal ve multiparz kadnlarda daha sk saptanmaktadr. Adenomyozisli hastalarn 1/3' asemptomatiktir, geriye kalan hastalarda en sk grlen semptomlar ar menstrel kanama ve dismenoredir. Tanda ilk tercih transvajinal ultrasonografidir. phelenilen veya dier benign uterin patolojilerle arada kalnan vakalarda manyetik rezonans grntleme tercih edilebilir. Tedavide ilk sorulacak soru gelecekteki fertilite arzusudur
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ABSTRACT Adenomyosis is the presence of endometrial gland and/or stroma within the hyperplastic and hypertrophic myometrium. Histopathologically, there are two main types as diffuse and focal (adenomyoma). The junctional zone is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis. Although the risk factors are not clear, they are more common in perimenopausal and multiparous women. 1/3 of patients with adenomyosis are asymptomatic, the most common symptoms in the remaining patients are heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea. The first choice for diagnosis is transvaginal ultrasonography. Magnetic resonance imaging may be preferred in suspected cases or other benign uterine pathologies. The first question in the treatment is the desire for future fertility. Hysterectomy is a curative treatment method in women who have completed their fertility. In addition, the definitive diagnosis of the disease is made by histological specimen examination. Uterine-sparing resection may be preferred in women with a desire for fertility. Apart from this, medical treatment, endometrial ablation and uterine artery embolization may also be preferred.

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adenomyosis

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Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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