The association between dietary inflammatory index with endometriosis: NHANES 2001–2006

Panwei Hu, Bi-Rong Yang, Xiao-Le Zhang, Xiaole Zhang, Xiao‐Tong Yan, Xiao-Tong Yan, Juanjuan Ma, Juan-Juan Ma, Cong Qi, Guo-Jing Jiang
PloS one · 2023 · vol. 18(4) , pp. e0283216 · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283216 · W4367048283
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study investigated the association between dietary inflammatory index and endometriosis using NHANES 2001–2006 data, finding a positive correlation between higher DII and endometriosis incidence.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study examined whether the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with endometriosis using NHANES 2001–2006 data, defining endometriosis cases and controls from questionnaire gynecologic history and analyzing DII (computed from 27 dietary components collected by 24-hour recall) with multivariate weighted logistic regression and smoothing-curve/subgroup analyses. Participants with endometriosis had higher DII than controls, and adjusted models showed DII was positively correlated with endometriosis incidence (including significant odds ratios for higher DII quartiles and a significant trend across DII levels). In subgroup analyses, the association was not significantly modified by age, race, education, or poverty income ratio (no DII interaction), though a non-linear DII–endometriosis relationship was observed in women aged ≥35 years. The paper’s main limitation is its cross-sectional design and reliance on questionnaire-based endometriosis classification within NHANES, using only a subset of the original DII dietary parameters. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it tests the association between DII (dietary inflammatory potential) and endometriosis risk in a U.S. population sample (NHANES 2001–2006).

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a common chronic inflammatory and estrogen-dependent disease that mostly affects people of childbearing age. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a novel instrument for assessing the overall inflammatory potential of diet. However, no studies have shown the relationship between DII and endometriosis to date. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between DII and endometriosis. Data were acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2006. DII was calculated using an inbuilt function in the R package. Relevant patient information was obtained through a questionnaire containing their gynecological history. Based on an endometriosis questionnaire survey, those participants who answered yes were considered cases (with endometriosis), and participants who answered no were considered as controls (without endometriosis) group. Multivariate weighted logistic regression was applied to examine the correlation between DII and endometriosis. Subgroup analysis and smoothing curve between DII and endometriosis were conducted in a further investigation. Compared to the control group, patients were prone to having a higher DII (P = 0.014). Adjusted multivariate regression models showed that DII was positively correlated with the incidence of endometriosis (P < 0.05). Analysis of subgroups revealed no significant heterogeneity. In middle-aged and older women (age ≥ 35 years), the smoothing curve fitting analysis results demonstrated a non-linear relationship between DII and the prevalence of endometriosis. Therefore, using DII as an indicator of dietary-related inflammation may help to provide new insight into the role of diet in the prevention and management of endometriosis.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Adult Adult Adult

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