Robert F. Casper

Introduction: Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial glandular and stromal cells outside of the uterine cavity. This disease is found in about 10% of women of the reproductive age and in up to 50% of women with infertility. Surgery co…

This chapter discusses the potential role of the new group of medications called aromatase inhibitors in assisted reproduction. When an aromatase inhibitor is applied during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COO), estrogen production per…

This was a preliminary study to determine the effect of aromatase inhibitors in preventing the flare induced by GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) in women with endometriosis (n = 9) or leiomyomata (n = 4) who were given letrozole on the first 5 days of…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, on the growth of human endometrium in a three-dimensional fibrin matrix model of endometriosis. DESIGN: Experimental study of human endometrial biopsies in a three…

Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity and is the most common gynecologic disorder in women of reproductive age. Although the quality of life for women with endometriosis is severely compromised, v…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain unresponsive to surgical menopause is a difficult clinical problem. CASE: A middle-aged woman presented with endometriosis and severe pelvic pain after hysterectomy and bilateral sal…

OBJECTIVE: To determine the inhibitory effect of a statin on angiogenesis in a three-dimensional (3-D) culture of human endometrial fragments in vitro. Angiogenesis has been proposed as an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of endometr…

BACKGROUND: To compare the clinical results and the cost-effectiveness of using the aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, in conjunction with FSH and FSH alone for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients undergoing intrauterine inseminat…

PROBLEM: Our previous study showed that in vitro culture of human endometrial tissue in a three-dimensional (3D) fibrin matrix could mimic the early stages of endometriosis with invasion, gland and stroma formation and sprouting of new vess…

OBJECTIVE: Although most women experience retrograde menses during their reproductive life, endometriosis develops only in a small percentage. We hypothesized that persistence of a fibrin matrix in peritoneal pockets, as a result of hypofib…

This pilot study examined the effect of a low-dose E and pulsed progestogen hormone therapy (HT) regimen for add-back during long-term GnRH-agonist therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) in five patients with stage IV endometriosis. Bone min…

Clinical utilization of ovulation stimulation to facilitate the ability of a couple to conceive has not only provided a valuable therapeutic approach, but has also yielded extensive information on the physiology of ovarian follicular recrui…

OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of the aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, in conjunction with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) injection, and FSH alone for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome …

OBJECTIVE: To reproduce the earliest phases of endometriosis using a new in vitro model in which cells from a cultured endometrial fragment can proliferate, invade, reconstitute new endometrial-like tissue, and generate blood vessels. DESI…

OBJECTIVE: To examine the utility of a low-dose estrogen and pulsed progestogen hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimen for add-back during long-term gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonist (GnRH-agonist) therapy. DESIGN: A pilot clinical…

OBJECTIVE: To determine the duration of time to the recurrence of pain attributable to endometriosis after the discontinuation of treatment with danazol or a GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) in patients who have had a satisfactory response to the trea…

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of ovarian cysts, especially in in vitro fertifization (IVF) patients, has been only rarely reported. The aim of this study was to describe the spectrum of cytological findings seen in FNA specimens of …

Patient acceptance of standard cyclic hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) has been poor. One major cause of non-acceptance is thought to be the resumption of menses as a result of induced withdrawal bleeding. In order to prevent bleeding, co…

We recently demonstrated, using transvaginal sonography, that conception cycles in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) are associated with a significantly thicker endometrium at midcycle than non-conception cycles, suggesting that endometrial grow…