Frequency and morphology of benign histopathological lesions in total abdominal hysterectomy specimens.

Aisha Rashid, Haniya Qamar, Saba Pario
In: The Professional Medical Journal · 2020 · vol. 27(03) , pp. 481–486 · doi:10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.03.3156 · W3009467906
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-14 ⓘ

This study analyzed total abdominal hysterectomy specimens, finding chronic cervicitis in 75% of cases, leiomyoma in 66%, and hyperplasia, adenomyosis, or hormonal imbalance in approximately 21-25% of cases.

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This descriptive cross-sectional study examined gross and histopathology of the uterus and cervix in 100 total abdominal hysterectomy specimens from patients aged 20–70 years (excluding malignancies and hysterectomies done for mentally retarded patients). Cervical microscopy showed chronic cervicitis in 75% of cases, and the most frequent benign neoplastic lesion was leiomyoma, found in 66%. In the myometrium, foci of adenomyosis were identified in 21% of specimens, while endometrial findings included hyperplasia in 25% (mostly simple) and hormonal imbalance in 21%, with additional findings such as pressure atrophy (11%) and atrophic endometrium (6%); the authors did not report sampling representativeness beyond purposive selection as a limitation. Relevance to endometriosis: the paper reports adenomyosis (21%) as a benign uterine histopathology finding in hysterectomy specimens, though its main focus is overall frequencies and morphology of benign lesions across hysterectomy cases rather than endometriosis.

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Abstract

Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed gynecological procedure all over the globe undertaken for varying indications, to effectively cure many gynaecological conditions. Histopathological analysis of the hysterectomy specimens should be undertaken for justification of procedure and diagnostic purposes. Objectives: To determine the frequency and morphology of different benign histopathological lesions in total abdominal hysterectomy specimens. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology Fatima Jinnah Medical College. Period: From Jan 2015 to June 2015. Material & Methods: The gross and histopathological findings of uterus and cervix in one hundred Total Abdominal hysterectomy specimens were studied. Non-probability, purposive sampling was done. Total abdominal hysterectomy specimens with or without salpingoophorectomy of patients aged between 20 to 70 years were included. While Total abdominal hysterectomy done in mentally retarded patients and for malignancies were excluded. Patient’s data, presenting complaints and preoperative diagnosis was recorded on predesigned proforma. SPSS version 17 was used as an analytical tool. Results: Age of the patients ranged from 30-55 years with 72% between 41-50 years. The microscopic examination of the cervix revealed features of chronic cervicitis in 75% cases. The commonest neoplastic lesion was leiomyoma present in 66% of cases. Myometrium revealed foci of adenomyosis in 21% cases. Endometrial histology showed hyperplasia in 25% of cases(simple hyperplasia 20%, cystic hyperplasia 4% and complex hyperplasia 1%), hormonal imbalance in 21%, pressure atrophy in 11%, atrophic endometrium in 6% , cystic atrophy in 2% while acute and chronic endometritis in 1% and 2% of cases respectively. Conclusion: The commonest cervical lesion was chronic cervicitis (75%). The commonest benign neoplastic lesion was leiomyoma, present in 66% of cases. Other common pathologies on histology were hyperplasia in 25% of cases, adenomyosis and hormonal imbalance in 21 % of cases each, pressure atrophy in 11%, atrophic endometrium in 6% while endometritis (acute & chronic ) in 3% of cases mainly. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens helps to detect the exact cause and underlined pathology.
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Frequency and morphology of benign histopathological lesions in total abdominal hysterectomy specimens. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29309/TPMJ/2020.27.03.3156Keywords: Adenomyosis, Hysterectomy, Leiomyoma, Uterus Benign LesionsAbstract Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed gynecological procedure all over the globe undertaken for varying indications, to effectively cure many gynaecological conditions. Histopathological analysis of the hysterectomy specimens should be undertaken for justification of procedure and diagnostic purposes. Objectives: To determine the frequency and morphology of different benign histopathological lesions in total abdominal hysterectomy specimens. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology Fatima Jinnah Medical College. Period: From Jan 2015 to June 2015. Material & Methods: The gross and histopathological findings of uterus and cervix in one hundred Total Abdominal hysterectomy specimens were studied. Non-probability, purposive sampling was done. Total abdominal hysterectomy specimens with or without salpingoophorectomy of patients aged between 20 to 70 years were included. While Total abdominal hysterectomy done in mentally retarded patients and for malignancies were excluded. Patient’s data, presenting complaints and preoperative diagnosis was recorded on predesigned proforma. SPSS version 17 was used as an analytical tool. Results: Age of the patients ranged from 30-55 years with 72% between 41-50 years. The microscopic examination of the cervix revealed features of chronic cervicitis in 75% cases. The commonest neoplastic lesion was leiomyoma present in 66% of cases. Myometrium revealed foci of adenomyosis in 21% cases. Endometrial histology showed hyperplasia in 25% of cases(simple hyperplasia 20%, cystic hyperplasia 4% and complex hyperplasia 1%), hormonal imbalance in 21%, pressure atrophy in 11%, atrophic endometrium in 6% , cystic atrophy in 2% while acute and chronic endometritis in 1% and 2% of cases respectively. Conclusion: The commonest cervical lesion was chronic cervicitis (75%). The commonest benign neoplastic lesion was leiomyoma, present in 66% of cases. Other common pathologies on histology were hyperplasia in 25% of cases, adenomyosis and hormonal imbalance in 21 % of cases each, pressure atrophy in 11%, atrophic endometrium in 6% while endometritis (acute & chronic ) in 3% of cases mainly. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens helps to detect the exact cause and underlined pathology.

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