Renal Endometriosis Mimicking Cystic Renal Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review

Ye Yang, Xinxin Zhao, Ying Huang
Frontiers in medicine · 2021 · vol. 8 , pp. 684474 · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.684474 · PMID:34235162 · PMC8255484 · W3173168796
article OA: gold CC0 ⤵ 8 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This case report describes a 48-year-old woman with intermittent hematuria whose cystic renal mass was histopathologically confirmed as endometriosis after partial nephrectomy.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This paper presents a case report and literature review of renal endometriosis, focusing on how it can be misdiagnosed as a cystic renal tumor. A 48-year-old woman with intermittent gross hematuria underwent ultrasound and contrast-enhanced CT that showed a cystic right renal mass with septal wall enhancement, leading clinicians to plan partial nephrectomy; laparoscopic resection found endometriosis in the renal parenchyma confirmed by histopathology and ER/PR-positive immunohistochemistry, and the patient had no recurrent renal mass on 3-month follow-up. The authors note that renal endometriosis is rare and insufficiently understood, contributing to misdiagnosis and limiting broader conclusions from a single case. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically documents endometriosis occurring within the kidney that mimicked a cystic renal tumor.

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Abstract

Background: Endometriosis mainly affects female pelvic tissues and organs, and the presence of endometriosis in the kidney is extremely rare. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 48-year-old woman who presented with intermittent hematuria. She was found to have a cystic mass on renal ultrasonography, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed slight enhancement of the cystic wall and septa. These findings were indicative of cystic renal tumor. The patient subsequently underwent partial right nephrectomy. Histopathology revealed endometriosis of the right renal parenchyma. The patient recovered well and had no evidence of a recurrent renal mass at the 3 months' follow up. Conclusion: The possibility of renal endometriosis should be considered in a female patient with a cystic renal mass and clinical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle.

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endometriosis

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