Blutungsstörungen, Dysmenorrhö und Endometriose im Jugendalter

Zusammenfassung Abnorme uterine Blutungen (AUB) und Dysmenorrhö gehören zu den häufigsten Beschwerden in der Adoleszenz und den häufigsten Gründen für eine Arztkonsultation. Von AUB sind ca. 34–37 % der Jugendlichen betroffen, von einer Dysmenorrhö 50–75 % und 7–15 % geben starke Regelschmerzen mit Krankheitswert an. Der häufigste Grund einer AUB Jugendlicher ist die entwicklungsbedingte postmenarchale Anovulation, gefolgt von Gerinnungsstörungen. Die Dysmenorrhö ist bei Jugendlichen meist eine primäre Dysmenorrhö, d. h. ohne erkennbare organische Ursache. Endometriose ist wiederum der häufigste Grund für eine sekundäre Dysmenorrhö. Obwohl Blutungsstörungen die Lebensqualität erheblich einschränken können, vergeht oft eine lange Zeit, bis eine adäquate Diagnostik und Therapie erfolgen. Sicher ist dies auch eine Folge von Scham und Bagatellisierung von Regelbeschwerden. Einmal adäquat diagnostiziert sind Blutungsstörungen in den meisten Fällen jedoch gut behandelbar. Abstract Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and dysmenorrhea are among the most frequent complaints in adolescent girls and one of the most frequent reasons for a medical consultation. Approximately a 34–37% of adolescent women are affected, 50–75% suffer from dysmenorrhea and 7–15% from severe period pains, which all can significantly affect the quality of life. The most common cause for AUB is a development-related anovulation during the first 2–3 years after menarche, followed by coagulation disorders. Most adolescents experiencing dysmenorrhea have primary dysmenorrhea, i.e. with no recognizable organic cause. In contrast, endometriosis is the most frequent reason for a secondary dysmenorrhea. Although bleeding disorders can lead to a significant impairment of the quality of life, it often takes a long time until adequate diagnosis and treatment are initiated. This is certainly also due to embarrassment or trivialization of menstrual problems. 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Voss-Heine gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien. Additional information Redaktion Gisela Gille, Lüneburg Katrin Schaudig, Hamburg Anneliese Schwenkhagen, Hamburg QR-Code scannen & Beitrag online lesen Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Bartley, J., Voss-Heine, I. Blutungsstörungen, Dysmenorrhö und Endometriose im Jugendalter. Gynäkologe 54, 640–649 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-021-04842-0 Accepted: Published: Version of record: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-021-04842-0