Cyclical endometrial repair and regeneration

Lois A. Salamonsen, Jennifer C. Hutchison, Caroline E. Gargett
In: Development · 2021 · vol. 148(17) · doi:10.1242/dev.199577 · PMID:34486650 · W3198361313
review OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 21 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This review examines the cyclical repair and regeneration of the human endometrium, focusing on stem/progenitor cell contributions, the stem cell niche, extracellular vesicles, and the utility of endometrial epithelial organoids.

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Abstract

Uniquely among adult tissues, the human endometrium undergoes cyclical shedding, scar-free repair and regeneration during a woman's reproductive life. Therefore, it presents an outstanding model for study of such processes. This Review examines what is known of endometrial repair and regeneration following menstruation and parturition, including comparisons with wound repair and the influence of menstrual fluid components. We also discuss the contribution of endometrial stem/progenitor cells to endometrial regeneration, including the importance of the stem cell niche and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Finally, we comment on the value of endometrial epithelial organoids to extend our understanding of endometrial development and regeneration, as well as therapeutic applications.

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