An Integrative Approach for Endometriosis-Related Pain

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⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-29 ⓘ

This study characterized endometriosis-related pain in 93 women, finding opioid users reported higher pain and nutritional therapy users reported lower pain.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pain is a common, severe symptom related to endometriosis. Despite this prominent feature, there is limited literature regarding its description and use of integrative treatment methods. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe endometriosis-related pain characteristics, severity, and association with an integrative approach encompassing pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted using convenience sampling of adult women with endometriosis-related pain. Three questionnaires were utilized: a demographic and general health questionnaire, a visual analog pain scale (VAS), and the short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ). RESULTS: Participants included 93 women with a mean general pain level of 6.2/10 (SD = 2.7) on the VAS. The total mean pain score on the SF-MPQ was 26.25/45 (SD = 10.1). Sixty-four women (68.8%) reported experiencing pain at the time of completion of the questionnaire (mean: 1.6/4, SD = 1.3). All participants utilized analgesia; those who used opioids reported a higher overall mean pain score of 2.3 (SD = 1.3) than patients who did not use opioids reported a mean of 1.4 (SD = 1.2; z = 9.59; P < .001). Present pain intensity was significantly higher for women using opioids than those not using opioids. In all, 77 women (82.8%) used integrative methods to alleviate the pain symptoms. Women who utilized nutritional therapy as part of the non-pharmacological method experienced lower mean (SD) overall pain (4.4 [2.5]) compared with patients who did not utilize nutritional therapy (6.75 [2.5]; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: More studies are needed to find evidence-based treatment options for women for integrative pain relief for endometriosis-related pain.

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Outcome instruments

VAS-pain

Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis

Citation neighborhood (2-hop)

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. Outer rings show 2-hop neighbours — papers reached through the immediate citers/citees. [ collapse to 1-hop ]

References (34)

SciLite annotations

organisms 1
noordeloos 2009062

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-10-16T06:09:50.462052+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-10-16T06:07:04.748940+00:00
scilite
last seen: 2026-05-18T04:26:01.642840+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK