Imaging the endometrium: disease and normal variants

Kenneth M. Nalaboff, K M Nalaboff, John S. Pellerito, J S Pellerito, E Ben-Levi, Eran Ben‐Levi
Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc · 2001 · vol. 21(6) , pp. 1409–1424 · doi:10.1148/radiographics.21.6.g01nv211409 · PMID:11706213 · W2151078440
Review OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 24 in-corpus citations
View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This review covers normal and pathological endometrial appearances across a patient's lifespan, detailing various imaging modalities used for diagnosis and emphasizing the importance of clinical context.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

The endometrium demonstrates a wide spectrum of normal and pathologic appearances throughout menarche as well as during the prepubertal and postmenopausal years and the first trimester of pregnancy. Disease entities include hydrocolpos, hydrometrocolpos, and ovarian cysts in pediatric patients; gestational trophoblastic disease during pregnancy; endometritis and retained products of conception in the postpartum period; and bleeding caused by polyps, submucosal fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia, or endometrial adenocarcinoma. Other findings include tamoxifen-associated changes, intrauterine fluid collections, and endometrial adhesions. Although ultrasound (US) is almost always the first modality used in the radiologic work-up of endometrial disease, findings at sonohysterography, hysterosalpingography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography are often correlated with US findings. It is important to understand that the appearance of the endometrium is related to multiple factors, including the patient's age, stage in the menstrual cycle, and pregnancy status and whether she has undergone hormonal replacement therapy or tamoxifen therapy. Accurate diagnosis requires that these factors be taken into account in addition to clinical history and physical examination findings.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Condition tags

disambig:endometritis

MeSH descriptors

Endometrium Uterine Diseases Uterine Diseases Adult Child Child, Preschool Endometrium Endometrium Female Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Postmenopause Pregnancy Premenopause Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Tamoxifen Tamoxifen Ultrasonography Uterine Diseases

Citation neighborhood (2-hop)

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. Outer rings show 2-hop neighbours — papers reached through the immediate citers/citees. [ collapse to 1-hop ]

References (44)

Cited by (22)

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-10-08T21:00:15.595027+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK