The Keeper®, a Menstrual Collection Device, as a Potential Cause of Endometriosis and Adenomyosis

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AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-08

This case report describes a woman who developed endometriosis and adenomyosis after four years of using the Keeper, a menstrual collection device.

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Abstract

Barrier contraceptive devices like the cervical cap and diaphragm and menstrual collecting devices may block menstrual flow, increase retrograde menstruation, and thus theoretically increase the likelihood of developing endometriosis or adenomyosis. We describe the case of a woman with a prior tubal ligation who after four years of regular use of the Keeper, a menstrual collecting device, developed endometriosis and adenomyosis.

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Condition tags

endometriosischronic_pelvic_painadenomyosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Equipment and Supplies Menstruation Adult Contraception, Barrier Contraception, Barrier Endometriosis Endometriosis Equipment and Supplies Female Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Menstruation Disturbances Menstruation Disturbances Pelvic Pain Sterilization, Tubal

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (8)

Cited by (4)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-08-22T06:09:51.966504+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:12:50.257867+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK