TGF-β1 in Seminal Plasma Promotes Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growth via p42/44 and Akt Pathway in Patients With or Without Endometriosis

Jing Li, Yongdong Dai, Chao Li, Yanling Zhang, Haiyan Zhu, Xiaoying Jin, Xiang Lin, Jianmin Chen, Lijuan Zhao, Songying Zhang
Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2022 · vol. 29(3) , pp. 723–733 · doi:10.1007/s43032-021-00562-x · PMID:34981457 · W4205588297
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 3 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06+body, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

Seminal plasma, particularly its TGF-β1, promotes the growth of endometrial stem cells from women with or without endometriosis via the p42/44 and Akt pathways.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

The study assessed how human seminal plasma (SP) affects growth of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from women with endometriosis and from women without endometriosis, measuring proliferation, cell foci formation, cell-cycle progression, and growth marker expression. SP promoted growth in both endometriosis-derived and non-endometriosis-derived MSCs, with effects attributed to activation of TGF-β1 signaling through p42/44 (ERK) and Akt pathways, leading to increased CDK2/CDK6 expression and accelerated cell-cycle progression; the paper reports that SP-exposed xenografts showed substantially increased volume and weight after 14 days. A key caveat is that the mechanisms were inferred from pathway activation and marker changes in cell/xenograft settings rather than demonstrating a specific causal role in humans. Relevance to endometriosis: the authors directly study MSCs from patients with endometriosis and test SP-induced pro-growth effects, framing TGF-β1 in seminal plasma as a contributor to endometrial tissue survival, though the main experimental focus is endometrial MSC growth and signaling pathways rather than adenomyosis. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it examines how SP-derived TGF-β1 promotes growth of endometrial MSCs from women with endometriosis via p42/44 and Akt pathways.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometrium Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt Semen Transforming Growth Factor beta1 Adult Animals Biomarkers Biomarkers Cell Cycle Cell Cycle Cell Proliferation Cells, Cultured Cytokines Cytokines Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometrium

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