Comparative Study of BAX/BcL2 Expression Ratio in Menstrual Blood between Endometriosis Women and Women without Endometriosis

Arghya Wicaksana, Pande Made Dwijayasa, Rahajeng Rahajeng, Cholid Rohman Riskianto
In: Asian Journal of Health Research · 2023 · vol. 2(1) , pp. 34–37 · doi:10.55561/ajhr.v2i1.83 · W4323848815
article OA: diamond CC0
🔓 Open OA copy Full text JSON View on OpenAlex View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study found that the BAX/BcL-2 ratio, indicating apoptosis, was lower in the menstrual blood of women with endometriosis compared to those without it.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 · read from full text ⓘ

This quantitative observational cross-sectional study compared apoptotic marker expression in menstrual blood between postoperative women with ovarian cysts histologically diagnosed as endometriosis (n=17) and patients without endometriosis (n=17), using Independent T tests in SPSS. The study reported higher BAX and BcL-2 differences between groups, with a significantly lower average BAX/BcL-2 ratio in endometriosis patients (0.698±0.19) versus controls (1.367±0.26), indicating altered balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. The main limitation is that menstrual blood and marker ratios were assessed at a single time point in a small sample size, and the paper does not report additional controls beyond group assignment and normality testing. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it directly compares the BAX/BcL-2 apoptotic ratio in menstrual blood from women with endometriosis versus those without.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus and is commonly associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. One of the endometrial changes that appear in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis is the regulation of apoptosis. The proportion value of the BAX/BcL-2 ratio is a crucial factor in determining the ability of cells to stimulate apoptosis. Higher apoptotic activity is linked to an increased BAX/BcL-2 ratio. The aim of this study was to compare the BAX/BcL-2 ratios in menstrual blood of endometriosis and non-endometriosis patients. Material and Methods: This research is a quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional method at dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. The case group was postoperative women with ovarian cysts with anatomical pathology examination results indicating endometriosis. While the control group was patients without endometriosis. Data analysis was carried out by using the Independent T Test with SPSS for Windows 19.0 software. Results: Each group consisted of 17 patients. The normality test for each variable shows p> 0.05. BAX average in patients with endometriosis 4556.29 ± 2338.33 and 6488.06 ± 2649.08 in patients without endometriosis (p = 0.031). The average BcL-2 in endometriosis patients was 6483.82±2489.36 and 4877.18±2023.82 in patients without endometriosis (p=0.047). The average BAX/BcL-2 ratio in patients with endometriosis was 0.698±0.19 and 1.367±0.26 in patients without endometriosis (p=0.000). Conclusion: The BAX/BcL-2 ratio in women with endometriosis cysts has a lower average rate than women without endometriosis cysts.
Full text 2,085 characters · extracted from oa-doi-fallback · 5 sections · click to expand

Keywords

BAX, BAX/BcL-2, BcL-2, EndometriosisAbstract

Introduction

Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus and is commonly associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. One of the endometrial changes that appear in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis is the regulation of apoptosis. The proportion value of the BAX/BcL-2 ratio is a crucial factor in determining the ability of cells to stimulate apoptosis. Higher apoptotic activity is linked to an increased BAX/BcL-2 ratio. The aim of this study was to compare the BAX/BcL-2 ratios in menstrual blood of endometriosis and non-endometriosis patients.

Material and methods

This research is a quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional method at dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. The case group was postoperative women with ovarian cysts with anatomical pathology examination results indicating endometriosis. While the control group was patients without endometriosis. Data analysis was carried out by using the Independent T Test with SPSS for Windows 19.0 software.

Results

Each group consisted of 17 patients. The normality test for each variable shows p> 0.05. BAX average in patients with endometriosis 4556.29 ± 2338.33 and 6488.06 ± 2649.08 in patients without endometriosis (p = 0.031). The average BcL-2 in endometriosis patients was 6483.82±2489.36 and 4877.18±2023.82 in patients without endometriosis (p=0.047). The average BAX/BcL-2 ratio in patients with endometriosis was 0.698±0.19 and 1.367±0.26 in patients without endometriosis (p=0.000).

Conclusion

The BAX/BcL-2 ratio in women with endometriosis cysts has a lower average rate than women without endometriosis cysts. Downloads Published Issue Section License Copyright (c) 2023 Arghya Wicaksana, Pande Made Dwijayasa, Rahajeng Rahajeng, Cholid Rohman Riskianto This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

⚙ Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-doi-fallback ⓘ

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Condition tags

endometriosischronic_pelvic_paininfertility

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (18)

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK